基于多种莫来石纤维的硅基陶瓷型芯增强机制及性能研究  

Reinforcing Mechanism and Property Investigation of Silica-Based Ceramic Cores Based on Different Mullite Fibers

作　　者：牛书鑫 刘智鹏 周婷婷 司远 李鑫 骆宇时 王东升 郭新龙 石振梅 焦琦 张腾飞 许西庆 NIU Shuxin;LIU Zhipeng;ZHOU Tingting;SI Yuan;LI Xin;LUO Yushi;WANG Dongsheng;GUO Xinlong;SHI Zhenmei;JIAO Qi;ZHANG Tengfei;XU Xiqing(Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 124000,China;Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进高温结构材料重点实验室,北京100095 [2]大连理工大学,大连124000 [3]长安大学,西安710064

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2023年第19期36-40,47,共6页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：分别以多晶、非晶莫来石纤维为增强相制备氧化硅基陶瓷型芯,探究纤维种类对型芯性能的影响。非晶纤维在促进方石英析晶、降低收缩率、提高气孔率方面的效果低于多晶纤维。相比于多晶纤维,非晶纤维具有较多结构缺陷,纤维与基体通过扩散传质形成紧密的结合,显著提高型芯的强度和抗蠕变性能,而且非晶纤维的亚稳态结构在碱性溶液中具有较高的化学活性,使型芯表现出优良的溶蚀性。非晶莫来石纤维质量分数为3%的硅基陶瓷型芯表现出优异的综合性能,其室温弯曲强度达27.7 MPa,高温弯曲强度为22.4 MPa,高温蠕变为0.31 mm,溶蚀率为1.26g/min,能够很好地满足空心叶片的浇注需求。Polycrystalline and amorphous mullite fibers are employed as reinforcing phases in preparation of silicabased ceramic cores,respectively,and the effects of mullite fiber types on property of ceramic cores are investigated.Amorphous fibers are not so obvious as polycrystalline fibers in promoting crystallization of cristobalite,reducing shrinkage,and increasing porosity.Compared to polycrystalline fibers,the amorphous fibers have disordering structure similar to silica glass,they are easy to form tight binding with the matrix,enhancing the strength and creep resistance of ceramic cores.Moreover,the metastable structure of amorphous fibers ensures the high chemical activity in alkaline solutions,and the ceramic core exhibits excellent leaching rate.The silica-based ceramic core with a mass fraction of 3%amorphous mullite fibers exhibits excellent comprehensive performance,with bending strength of 27.7 MPa at room temperature and 22.4 MPa at high temperature,high temperature creep deformation of 0.31 mm,and leaching rate of 1.26 g/min,which can well meet the casting requirements of hollow blades.

关 键 词：航空发动机 单晶叶片 陶瓷型芯 莫来石纤维 力学性能 

分 类 号：V263[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]