铀燃料芯块表面及操作人员弱贯穿辐射剂量监测  

The weakly penetrating radiation dose measurement of surface of uranium fuel element surface and operator

作　　者：陈斌 韦应靖[2,3] 安世峰 王雨青 CHEN Bin;WEI Yingjing;AN Shifeng;WANG Yuqing(Liao Ning Hong Yan He Nuclear Power Co.Ltd.,Liaoning Dalian 116319;Shanxi Key Laboratory for Radiation Safety and Protection China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]辽宁红沿河核电有限公司,辽宁大连116319 [2]中国辐射防护研究院辐射安全与防护山西省重点实验室,太原030006 [3]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《辐射防护》2023年第5期473-477,共5页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：铀燃料中^(238)U和^(235)U衰变时伴随着大量的β射线发射,操作铀燃料芯块的人员可能存在较大弱贯穿辐射风险。使用β谱仪和定向剂量当量率仪,对燃料芯块表面的β发射谱和β辐射剂量率进行了测量,测得燃料芯块发射的β射线最大能量为2.3 MeV,燃料芯块表面H′(0.07)可达1.38mSv/h,H′(0.07)和H′(10)的比值达到了约36.3。实验测得目前燃料芯块操作人员穿戴的防护用品对高能β射线几乎没有防护效果,燃料芯块操作人员H_(p)(0.07)和H_(p)(10)比值高达130。根据场所和人员弱贯穿辐射测量结果,提出了对铀燃料操作人员增加H_(p)(0.07)和H_(p)(3)监测的建议,并给出了可降低燃料芯块操作人员弱贯穿辐射剂量的防护方法。Along withβradiation of^(238)U and^(235)U dacay in uranium fuel.Existing,weakly penetrating radiation risk ofto operator of uranium fuel element exists.TIn this article,measuring theβspectrum was measured withβspectrometer and measuring theβdose rate was measured with directional dose equivalent meter,T,while the maximum energy of beta ray emitted from uranium fuel element is 2.3 MeV.The measurement results show that the·H′(0.07)is 1.38 mSv/h,and the·H′(0.07)/·H∗(10)is 36.The experimental results show that the protective clothing worn by the uranium fuel element operators has almost no protective effect on high-energyβrays,and the H_(p)(0.07)/H_(p)(10)is 130.AccordingBased on the measurement results of uranium fuel element and operator,it is suggested monitoring H_(p)(0.07)and H_(p)(3)for the operator of uranium fuel element.At the same time,,the weakly penetrating radiation protectiveon methods were provided.

关 键 词：铀燃料芯块 H′(0.07) H(10) Hp(0.07) Hp(10) 

分 类 号：TL751[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]