湘西山地区域不同移栽期气象因子对烤烟‘HN2146’农艺性状的影响  

Effects of Meteorological Factors at Different Transplanting Dates on the Agronomic Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco Variety ‘HN2146’ in Xiangxi Mountainous Area

作　　者：张明发 张胜 袁小康 巢进 田茂成 田咏梅 马琳 覃浪 陆魁东 彭宇 孔凡玉[4] 田峰 ZHANG Mingfa;ZHANG Sheng;YUAN Xiaokang;CHAO Jin;TIAN Maocheng;TIAN Yongmei;MA Lin;QIN Lang;LU Kuidong;PENG Yu;KONG Fanyu;TIAN Feng(Production Technique Center,Xiangxi Tobacco Company,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China;Institute of Meteorological Science,Hunan Province,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410100,Hunan,China;Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco/Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心,湖南吉首416000 [2]湖南省气象研究所,长沙410128 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,长沙410100 [4]中国农业科学院烟草研究所/烟草行业烟草病虫害监测与综合治理重点实验室,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第10期70-76,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：湖南省烟草专卖局(公司)科研项目“湘西州烤烟产质量提升气象关键技术及决策服务系统”(XX2019-2022Aa01)。

摘　　要：为探明主要气象因子对山地烤烟生长发育进程的限制与影响,优化烤烟移栽期,通过连续3 a的烤烟主栽品种‘HN2146’的不同移栽期大田试验,探索移栽期变化规律,研究日照、降水量及温度与烤烟生长的关系。结果表明:株高、茎围与烤烟移栽期中等相关,中部叶长和中部叶面积与它强相关;同时T1(4月12日、4月19日、4月26日)移栽的烤烟株高、茎围和叶面积最大,相比于其他4个时期的平均值增幅分别为6.14%±2.98%、5.35%±1.69%、19.38%±5.83%。简单相关分析表明,≥12℃有效积温、降水量、日照时数3种气象因子两两之间均呈极显著正相关,而且与多数农艺性状指标均呈极显著相关;典型相关分析结果表明,农艺性状与气象因子存在极显著的典型相关关系,烤烟不同移栽期主要影响降水量与≥12℃有效积温及叶数和中部叶长的大小;主成分分析结果显示,第一主成分说明调节不同烤烟移栽期能改善气象因子与烤烟农艺性状,在效应上具有相似的特点。第二主成分说明不同烤烟移栽期在影响气象因子与农艺性状上的主要差异是上部叶面积、上部叶长、中部叶面积、茎围、株高、≥12℃有效积温的变化。因此,从农艺性状看,4月12日、4月19日与4月26日分别是湘西低中高海拔地区‘HN2146’烤烟品种最佳移栽期。To clarify main meteorological factors which affect the growth and development process of fluecured tobacco in mountainous area,and to properly arrange field transplanting date,the field experiments of main tobacco variety‘HN2146'with different transplanting dates were carried out for three consecutive years,to analyze the changes of growth period,and define the relationship between sunlight,precipitation and temperature and the growth of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the plant height and stem girth were moderately correlated with the transplanting date of flue-cured tobacco,while the middle leaf length and middle leaf area were strongly correlated with the transplanting date.At the same time,the plant height,stem girth and leaf area of flue-cured tobacco transplanted at T1(April 12,April 19 and April 26) were the largest,which increased by 6.14% ± 2.98%,5.35% ± 1.69% and 19.38% ± 5.83%,respectively,compared with the average values of the other four transplanting dates.Simple correlation analysis showed that the effective accumulated temperature≥12℃,precipitation and sunshine duration were significantly positively correlated in pairs,and significantly positively correlated with most agronomic characters.The results of canonical correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant canonical correlation between agronomic characters and meteorological factors.Different transplanting dates of flue-cured tobacco mainly affected precipitation,effective accumulated temperature≥12℃,leaf number and middle leaf length.The results of principal component analysis showed that the first principal component indicated that adjusting different transplanting dates could improve the meteorological factors and agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco at different transplanting dates,and the effects had similar characteristics.The second principal component indicated that the main differences in influencing meteorological factors and agronomic characters were the changes of upper leaf area,upper l

关 键 词：烤烟 移栽期 气象因子 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S161.1[农业科学—农业气象学]