支撑能源高效转换和高质调控的电力电子技术  

Power electronics technology supporting efficient energy conversion and high-quality regulation

作　　者：何湘宁[1] 李武华[1] 罗皓泽[1] 向鑫[1] 杨贺雅 HE XiangNing;LI WuHua;LUO HaoZe;XIANG Xin;YANG HeYa(College of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2023年第10期1674-1686,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51877192)资助项目。

摘　　要：为应对能源安全和环境治理的严峻挑战,逐步实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”的“双碳”目标,现代能源系统的转换方式和调控方法均迫切需要创新与变革.基于电力电子技术的能源转换装备在太阳能、风能、水能、地热能、海洋能、生物质能等分布式能源系统和化学能、飞轮储能以及氢能等储能系统中的广泛应用和迅速发展,大幅提升了多能源转换系统的灵活性、可控性和高效性,显著增强了多能源系统间的互动性、融合性和经济性.随着基于电力电子技术的能源转换装备在多能源系统中的渗透水平不断提高与规模化应用不断推广,给分布式多能源系统在可再生能源发电、高效能源转换和高密度能量存储等多环节带来了历史性的发展机遇和系统性的科技挑战.本文阐述电力电子技术在多能源系统中高能效转换和高品质调控的作用,简述电力电子技术的基础概念与基本内涵,介绍电力电子装备在可再生能源发电、多能源储能系统及工业生产应用领域中的代表性应用.在此基础上,从电力电子变换拓扑理论、多自由度组合与协同调控、功率器件应用特性测评等三个方面论述电力电子变换系统的关键核心技术,总结了电力电子技术在能源系统中高能效转换、高品质调控和高可靠运行的支撑作用.最后,探讨基于电力电子技术的多能源系统能量高效转换发展的创新路径,从电力电子技术的视角,为推动我国“双碳”目标的实现提供新思路.Innovation and reform are urgently needed in the transformation and regulation of modern energy systems to meet the high demands of energy security and environmental governance and to gradually realize the strategic goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.In recent years,energy conversion equipment based on power electronics technology has been widely and rapidly developed in distributed energy systems,such as solar energy,wind energy,hydroelectric energy,geothermal energy,ocean energy,and biomass energy;and energy storage systems,such as chemical energy,flywheel energy storage,and hydrogen energy.The extensive application of energy conversion equipment has greatly improved the flexibility,controllability,and efficiency of multi-energy conversion systems.Moreover,the interaction,integration,and economy between energy systems have been significantly enhanced.With the continuous improvement of the penetration level of energy conversion equipment based on power electronics technology,distributed multi-energy systems usher in large development opportunities and systematic technological challenges in multiple links,such as renewable energy generation,high-efficiency energy conversion,and high-density energy storage.This paper expounds on the role of power electronics technology in the high-efficiency conversion and high-quality regulation of multi-energy systems.The basic concept and connotation of power electronics technology are briefly described,and the typical applications of power electronic equipment in the fields of renewable energy generation,multi-energy storage systems,and industrial production are introduced.On this basis,the key technologies of power electronic conversion systems are discussed from three aspects:power electronic conversion topology theory,multi-degrees-of-freedom combination and cooperative regulation,and power device application characteristic evaluations.The supporting role of power electronics technology in high-efficiency conversion,high-quality regulation,and highreliability ope

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 多能源系统 能源转换 电力电子 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]