“世界还剩多少地方供我征服”——《帖木儿大帝》中的东方贸易、版图扩张与英格兰身份焦虑  

“How Much Is Left for Me to Conquer All the World”:Oriental Trade,Territorial Expansion and English Identity Anxiety in Tamburlaine the Great

作　　者：陶久胜 TAO Jiusheng

机构地区：[1]宁波大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2023年第3期66-77,共12页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“新航路开辟时期英国文学的贸易帝国建构研究”(项目编号:21AWW008);国家社科基金重大项目“英国文学经济思想史”(项目编号:22&ZD289)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：16、17世纪英格兰海外贸易迅速扩张,开辟了通往东北方向的贸易航线。马洛戏剧《帖木儿大帝》凸显帖木儿版图扩张细节,隐喻伊丽莎白一世时期东北航线海外贸易及商业扩张,再现了英格兰民众对东方社会的矛盾态度。一方面,英格兰羡慕东方富足社会及其多元文化,故开辟通往东方的航线,积极开展与东方社会的贸易往来,吸纳外来文化;另一方面,英政府担心民族身份被异族同化,因此推行重商主义,出台贸易保护政策,同时将东方民族妖魔化,构建英格兰商业民族共同体。该剧通过对伊斯兰民族的悖论性书写,表达对奥斯曼土耳其人既推崇又仇恨的复杂情结,影射出早期现代英格兰东方贸易进程中产生的民族身份焦虑意识。In the 16th and 17th centuries,England rapidly expanded its overseas trade,establishing trade routes to the Northeast.Marlowe's play Tamburlaine the Great vividly depicts Tamburlaine's territorial expansion and serves as a metaphor for England's commercial expansion along the Northeast route during the reign of Elizabeth I.The play reflects the ambivalent attitude of the English towards the Orient.On one hand,England coveted the wealth and cultural diversity of the Orient,actively trading with Eastern countries and incorporating foreign cultures.On the other hand,fearing the loss of national identity,the British government implemented mercantilist policies and trade protection measures while demonizing Eastern nations to strengthen England's commercial national identity.Through its paradoxical portrayal of Islamic nations,the play expresses both admiration and hostility towards the Ottoman Turks and hints at the anxiety over national identity arising from early modern England's trade with the Orient.

关 键 词：《帖木儿大帝》 马洛 东方贸易 版图扩张 身份焦虑 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]