金末政治生态与文人心态略论--以杨奂仕行为中心  

On Political Ecology and Literati Mentality in the Late Jin Dynasty-Centered on Yang Huan’s Political Career

作　　者：李梅[1] LI Mei(Library of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721016,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院图书馆,陕西宝鸡721016

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期94-100,共7页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：有“关西夫子”之称的杨奂早年在儒学家教及经历的影响下,试图通过科考入仕来实现自己的儒家政治理想。本文通过对杨奂兴定五年(1221)科考失败和正大元年(1224)上万言策流产的两次事件之归因做深入探究,以此揭露宣宗朝吏权大盛,激化了儒吏之间的对立和矛盾,导致儒士的仕途之路受到严重挤压,至哀宗朝,文士被彻底排除到权利核心之外的政治生态环境。由此彻底摧毁了以杨奂为代表的金末儒士群体对金朝的最后期许。政治生态的变化迫使文人的积极入仕心态逐渐转变,其家国情怀逐渐被摧毁,文人群体与国家政权之间最终走上了从希望到失望最后至绝望的悲剧结局。In his early years,Yang Huan,Known as the“Master of Guanxi”,tried to realize his Confucian political ideal by entering the government through the imperial examination under the influence of Confucian family education and experience.This paper makes an in-depth study on the causes of Yang Huan’s failure in the imperial examination in the fifth year of the Xingding reign(1221)and the abortion of submitting ten-thousand-word strategies to the emperor in the early year of the Zhengda reign(1224),in order to reveal that the excessive power of officials during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong intensified the opposition and contradictions between Confucianism and officials,which severely squeezed the path of Confucianism’s official career.Until the reign of Emperor Aizong,scholars were completely excluded from the political ecological environment outside the core of power.This completely destroyed the last expectations of the late Jin Confucian community,represented by Yang Huan,towards the Jin Dynasty.The changes in political ecology have forced literati to gradually change their active attitude towards politics,and their patriotism has gradually been destroyed.The literati community ultimately embarked on a tragic path of hope,disappointment,and ultimately despair towards the state power.

关 键 词：金元易代 杨奂 政治生态 文人心态 

分 类 号：I209.9[文学—中国文学]