村落社会变迁中仪式功能的转换——以豫北濮阳DM村的挂锁、开锁仪式为个案  

Transformation of Ritual Functions in the Socioeconomic Changes of Rural Communities:A Case Study of the Locking and Unlocking Ceremony in DM Village,Puyang,Henan Province

作　　者：王亚芳[1] Wang Yafang

机构地区：[1]温州大学

出　　处：《艺术与民俗》2023年第3期69-75,共7页Journal of Arts and Folklore

摘　　要：挂锁、开锁仪式是豫北濮阳DM村民众以护幼保赤为目的的一种传统育儿习俗。随着现代化进程的深入,村落社会变迁中的开锁仪式在仪式内容、社会功能与文化内涵等方面都有了明显变化。在当代开锁仪式中,民众护幼保赤的育儿习俗有逐渐向成年礼演化的趋势。认干亲的形式、内涵的变迁,体现了民众俗信观念从避凶到趋吉的变迁。开锁仪式中,宗族认同的功能变得更加重要。开锁仪式也体现了民众对现实利益的追求。开锁仪式嵌入村落社会结构中,考察其功能转换,有助于我们探讨民俗文化与社会变迁之间动态且复杂的关系。The unlocking ceremony is a traditional child-rearing custom among the people of DM Village in Puyang,northern Henan,intending to protect children from evil spirits.With the deepening of the modernization process,the unlocking ceremony in rural communities has undergone noticeable changes in terms of ritual content,social functions,and cultural significance.In contemporary unlocking ceremonies,protecting and nurturing children has gradually evolved into an adulthood initiation ritual.The changes in the form and connotation of "ren ganqin"(appointing a godparent) reflect the transition of folk beliefs from warding off evil to seeking blessings.The function of clan identity has become more crucial in the unlocking ceremony.The ceremony also reflects the villagers' pursuit of practical benefits.Because the unlocking ceremony is embedded in the rural communal structure,examining its transformation contributes to studying the dynamic and complex relationship between folk culture and social change.

关 键 词：开锁仪式 社会变迁 成年礼 民间信仰 

分 类 号：K890[历史地理—民俗学]