鸡传染性支气管炎病毒遗传演化最新研究进展  

Recent advances in genetic evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus

作　　者：张春阳 王贵升[1] 郑孟加 刘坤 李鹏 兰邹然[1] 李宏梅 ZHANG Chunyang;WANG Guisheng;ZHENG Mengjia;LIU Kun;LI Peng;LAN Zouran;LI Hongmei(Shandong Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention(Shandong Provincial Center for Epidemiological Surveillanceof Zoonotic Diseases),Jinan 250100,China;Handan Fengfeng Mining Area Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Handan 056200,China;Shandong Provincial Livestock Station,Jinan 250100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology(Key Laboratoryof Animal Bioengineering and Disease Control of Shandong Province Shandong Agricultural University),Tai'an 2710183,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省动物疫病预防与控制中心(山东省人畜共患病流调监测中心),山东济南250100 [2]邯郸市峰峰矿区动物疫病预防与控制中心,河北邯郸056200 [3]山东省畜牧总站,山东济南250100 [4]山东农业大学动物科技学院(山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室),山东泰安2710183

出　　处：《家禽科学》2023年第11期61-66,共6页Poultry Science

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2022CXGC010606-03);山东省自然基金面上项目(ZR2020MC179)。

摘　　要：鸡传染性支气管炎(Avian infectious bronchitis,IB)是由鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Avian infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)引起的一种分布范围广泛、传染性较强,能对家禽养殖业造成重大经济损害的二类动物疫病。同其他RNA病毒一样,遗传变异方面为独特的套式转录方式,在复制过程中病毒基因组的不连续性和RNA聚合酶校对不完全性,致使碱基在复制过程中易发生替换、缺失和插入,进一步造成了该病毒高突变性的特征。近年来多个研究表明,IBV产生变异株的主要原因并不是点突变,而是滥用疫苗、盲目免疫所造成的基因重组,在自然选择以及外部高强度免疫压力的双重影响下,促使IBV不断演化变异产生新的强毒株。着重论述了近年来IBV在全球各地的流行状况,深入分析了IBV遗传演化发生原因,为该病的疫苗防控提供可靠的数据支撑。Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a widespread and highly contagious disease caused by Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV).ClassⅡanimal diseases that can cause significant economic damage to poultry farming.In terms of genetic variation,like other RNA viruses,it is a unique nested transcription mode,and the discontinuity of the viral genome and the incomplete proofreading of RNA polymerase in the replication process result in the easy replacement,deletion and insertion of bases in the replication process,which further results in the high mutagenicity of the virus.However,in recent years,a number of studies have shown that the main cause of IBV mutation is not point mutation,but the genetic recombination caused by vaccine abuse and blind immunity.Under the dual influence of natural selection and external high-intensity immune pressure,IBV constantly evolves and mutates to produce new strong strains.this paper will maily introduce the prevalence of IBV in recent years around the world,deeply analyze the genetic evolution of IBV,and provide reliable data support for vaccine prevention and control of the disease.

关 键 词：鸡传染性支气管炎病毒 流行状况 基因重组 疫苗防控 

分 类 号：S858.326.596[农业科学—临床兽医学]