中厚板镁铝异种合金激光-MIG复合焊应力与变形  

Stress and Deformation During Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding of Medium and Heavy Plate Magnesium-Aluminum Dissimilar Alloys

作　　者：王良[1] 何晓晗 张梦瑶 胡议文 周培山[1] Wang Liang;He Xiaohan;Zhang Mengyao;Hu Yiwen;Zhou Peishan(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Chuanguo Boiler Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China;Patent Eramination Cooperation Sichuan Center of the Patent Office,CNIPA,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,四川南充637800 [2]四川川锅锅炉有限责任公司,四川成都610500 [3]国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作四川中心,四川成都610500

出　　处：《应用激光》2023年第9期56-67,共12页Applied Laser

基　　金：南充市市校合作项目(SWJBGS004)。

摘　　要：采用ABAQUS软件,运用生死单元法,建立了5083/AZ31B异种金属模型,研究不同激光功率下的焊接温度场、残余应力场和焊接变形的分布。结果表明,在焊接过程中,温度场呈椭圆形分布;改变激光功率,焊缝的深宽比增加,焊接最高温度增加,温度场分布无影响;焊后冷却20 s时,温度下降到约160℃,且AZ31B侧散热更快,改变激光功率,散热会加快;工件完全冷却后,异种合金板两侧呈半椭圆形的温度分布。焊后3 000 s的残余应力呈现中间大、两端小的分布状态。工件的纵向应力在焊缝处为232 MPa的拉应力;横向应力的最大值为225 MPa,也分布在焊缝附近,表现为拉应力;焊趾处残余应力变化最大;改变激光功率,残余应力的最大值会增加,并影响等效应力的分布。工件完全冷却后,焊后变形呈现焊缝中心附近大、工件边缘小的近似椭圆形分布;工件表面最高变形量分布在焊缝末端,单位变形量为0.405 mm,改变激光功率会略微增加0.02 mm的变形量。In this paper,The ABAQUS software was used to establish a 5083/AZ31B dissimilar alloys model by using the life and death element method.The distribution of welding temperature field,residual stress field,and welding deformation under different laser powers were studied.The results show that the temperature field has an elliptical distribution during the welding process.With the increase of the laser power,the aspect ratio of the weld increases,the maximum welding temperature increases.The temperature field distribution has no effect.Cooling for 20 s after welding,the temperature drops to 16o C,and the heat dissipation on the AZ31B side is faster.The heat dissipation will be accelerated with changing the laser power.When the workpiece is completely cooled,the temperature distribution on both sides of the dissimilar alloy plate is semi-elliptical.The residual stress at 3 o00 s after welding presents a distribution state of large and small ends in the middle.The longitudinal stress of the workpiece is the tensile stress of 232 MPa at the weld,and the maximum transverse stress is 225 MPa that is also distributed near the weld.The residual stress at the weld toe changes largest.When the workpiece is completely cooled,the post-weld deformation presents an approximately elliptical distribution near the center of the weld and small at the edge of the workpiece.The highest deformation of the workpiece surface is distributed at the end of the weld.The unit deformation is 0.405 mm.The laser power will increase slightly by 0.02 mm deformation amount.

关 键 词：5083/AZ31B异种金属 激光-MIG复合焊 数值模拟 温度场 残余应力与变形 

分 类 号：TG456.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]