2016—2021年宁波市生活饮用水水质变化趋势  

Trends in drinking water quality in Ningbo for 2016-2021

作　　者：史碧君 王爱红[1] 谷少华[1] 赵薛飞[1] 段东辉 章群[1] SHI Bijun;WANG Aihong;GU Shaohua;ZHAO Xuefei;DUAN Donghui;ZHANG Qun(Environmental and Occupational Hygiene Institute,Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo 315010,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市疾病预防控制中心环境职业卫生所,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《健康研究》2023年第5期509-513,共5页Health Research

基　　金：宁波市医学重点学科建设项目(2022-B18)。

摘　　要：目的分析宁波地区生活饮用水水质状态及变化趋势,为宁波地区今后进一步提高饮用水水质及卫生防疫的效果提供科学依据。方法对宁波地区2016—2021年生活饮用水监测数据进行分析。结果2016—2021年宁波地区共监测水样6517份,其中合格水样为5916份,合格率为90.78%;在不同区县的合格率中,海曙区最高(99.61%)。宁波地区生活饮用水的合格率从2016年的75.42%提高至2021年的96.67%,整体呈上升趋势(χ2=333.60,P<0.001)。城市生活饮用水中水样合格率由2017年的93.23%提高至2021年的99.71%,农村饮用水中水样合格率由2016年的68.64%提高至2021年的96.67%,宁波地区消毒副产物合格率由2016年的75.42%提高至2021年的97.48%;均整体呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=0.19、288.02、333.53,均P<0.001)。宁波地区生活饮用水水样两阶段分析显示:除消毒剂指标,2016—2017年高于2018—2021年的合格率外,微生物指标、毒理指标,感观性状和一般化学指标,均为2016—2017年低于2018—2021年的合格率,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论近年来,宁波地区生活饮用水合格率整体呈上升趋势,今后应继续加强水质监测及防护,提高居民健康水平。Objective Investigate the current situation and evolution of drinking water quality in Ningbo and provide empirical rationale for improving drinking water quality,sanitation and disease prevention in Ningbo.Methods Analyses of drinking water monitoring data for 2016-2021 in the Ningbo area.Results Between 2016 and 2021,a total of 6,517 water samples were monitored in Ningbo region,of which 5,916 were qualified,resulting in a 90.78%qualification rate.Haishu District had the highest qualification rate among different areas in Ningbo with an impressive rate of 99.61%.The domestic drinking water qualification rate in Ningbo region escalated from 75.42%in 2016 to 96.67%in 2021,displaying a consistent upward trend(χ2=333.60,P<0.001).The pass rate of water samples in urban domestic drinking water will increase from 93.23%in 2017 to 99.71%in 2021.The pass rate of water samples in rural drinking water will increase from 68.64%in 2016 to 96.67%in 2021,and the pass rate of disinfection by-products in the Ningbo area will increase from 75.42%in 2016 to 97.48%in 2021,all with an overall increasing trend(χ^(2)=0.19,288.02,333.53,all P<0.001).The two-stage analysis of domestic drinking water samples in the Ningbo area showed that,except for the disinfectant indicator,which was higher in 2016-2017 than the pass rate in 2018-2021,the microbiological indicators,toxicological indicators,sensory properties and general chemical indicators were all lower in 2016-2017 than the pass rates in 2018-2021,and the differences are all statistically significant(all P<0.001).Conclusions Ningbo’s overall quality of drinking water is increasing.To improve the health of residents’drinking water,we should continue to strengthen water quality monitoring and protection.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 水质监测 合格率 宁波地区 动态变化 

分 类 号：R248.1[医药卫生—中医临床基础]