载人机动两轮车事故及骑乘人员损伤特征分析  

Analysis of the accidents and injury characteristics of motorcyclists in motorized 2-wheelers and pillion passengers

作　　者：刘朱紫[1] 刘阳阳 邹铁方[2] 曹太山[2] LIU Zhuzi;LIU Yangyang;ZOU Tiefang;CAO Taishan(Medicine School of Changsha Social Work College,Changsha 410004,China;School of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙民政职业技术学院医学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2023年第5期563-569,共7页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775056);湖南省教育厅重点项目(22A0236);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2208225)。

摘　　要：研究了载人机动两轮车(含摩托车和电动自行车)事故特征。分析了170例具有视频的载人机动两轮车事故,统计了一般事故特征,采用系统聚类法,提取了典型事故场景,挖掘不同场景下的人体损伤特征。结果表明:载人机动两轮车事故主要发生在不需照明且路面干燥的十字路口或直线路段;碰撞前的汽车速度多集中在10~50 km/h之间,机动两轮车速度多集中在10~40 km/h之间;所提取的8类典型事故场景,涵盖了全部样本的78.9%,78%以上不同场景间人体头部、胸部损伤之间有显著性差异,这表明所选场景具有代表性;总体上场景内骑乘人员损伤有显著差异,骑车人损伤重于乘员损伤;但当汽车速度为50 km/h直行与摩托车20~40 km/h直行侧面碰撞的场景中,乘员胸部损伤比骑车人更严重。这些结果可为载人机动两轮车事故特征提供先验知识。The accident characteristics of manned motorized two-wheelers(including motorcycles and electric bicycles)were investigated.170 manned motorized two-wheeler accidents with video were analyzed,the general accident characteristics were counted,and the system clustering method was used to extract typical accident scenarios and explore the human injury characteristics in different scenarios.The results shown that manned motorized two-wheeler mainly occur at intersections with dry roads and lighting,with vehicle speed mostly concentrated between 10~50 km/h and motorcycle speed 10~40 km/h;8 typical scenarios extracted by clustering cover 78.9% of the total sample,and significant differences between human head and chest injuries(>78%);and overall,the rider injury is heavier than the occupant injury.The occupant chest injury is more serious than that of the cyclist when the car speed is going straight at 50 km/h with the motorcycle going straight at 20~40 km/h.These results would reveal better prior knowledge of motorized 2-wheelers accidents.

关 键 词：机动两轮车事故 骑乘人员 事故场景 损伤 聚类分析 

分 类 号：U491.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]