轨道交通槽形梁桥静动力特性研究综述及展望  

A Review and Prospect of Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Rail Transit Channel Girder

作　　者：吴天群 张智凯 朱华中 杨贤亮 刘全民 WU Tianqun;ZHANG Zhikai;ZHU Huazhong;YANG Xianiang;LIU Quanmin(Nanchang Railway Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330002,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;China Railway Nanchang Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330000,China;Jiangxi Local Railway Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330001,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌铁路勘测设计院有限责任公司,南昌330002 [2]华东交通大学土木建筑学院,南昌330013 [3]中国铁路南昌局集团有限公司,南昌330000 [4]江西地方铁路开发有限公司,南昌330001

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第11期76-83,99,共9页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20202ACB214005)。

摘　　要：槽形梁桥建筑高度低,适用于桥下净空受限的情况,在轨道交通工程中得到了较广泛的应用。为推动槽形梁桥在我国轨道交通行业的研究和应用,亟需系统梳理和总结现有研究成果。首先,回顾了国内外槽形梁桥应用发展情况,讨论现有槽形梁计算模型优势与不足;而后,重点从道床板横向计算、截面应力分布、剪力滞效应等方面对槽形梁受力特性进行总结,并阐述槽形梁温度梯度和车致振动噪声方面的研究现状;最后,提出槽形梁在受力分析、温度梯度、风-车-桥耦合振动等方向的研究建议。研究结果表明:采用简单的梁单元模型难以得到槽形梁桥准确的应力计算结果,而板单元或实体单元模型建立与分析效率较低,因此提出槽形梁桥简化计算模型有效宽度的通用计算方法是今后研究的重点;当前缺乏完全适用槽形梁的温度梯度模式,这是造成设计时不能准确计算其温度应力的主要原因;对于大风频发的山区铁路和沿海铁路,开展风-车-槽形梁桥耦合振动研究,给出不同风速下列车的安全行车速度限值,可为线路安全运营提供重要支撑。Channel girders with low structural depth are very suitable with restricted clearance under the bridge,it is widely used in the actual project of rail transit.To promote the research and application of channel girder structure in the Chinese rail transit industry,it is an urgent need to systematically summarize the existing research results.Firstly,the application and development of channel bridges at home and abroad is reviewed,and the advantages and shortcomings of existing calculation models for channel girder are discussed.Secondly,the mechanical properties of channel girder are summarized from the transverse calculation of deck,stress distribution,shear-lag effect,etc.The state of the art of temperature gradient,vibration and noise of channel girder is presented.Finally,suggestions for the stress analysis,temperature gradient,and wind-train-bridge coupling vibration of channel bridges are provided.The research results show that it is difficult to obtain accurate stress calculation results of channel bridges using simple beam models.However the establishment and analysis of model for a channel bridge composed of shell or solid elements is more complex and time-consuming.It is of importance to propose a general formula for the effective width in the simplified calculation of channel bridges.The absence of a temperature gradient model for channel girder resulting in the calculation error of its temperature stresses during design period.For the mountain and coastal railways attacked by strong wind frequently,the provision of running speed limit of trains under various wind speeds is of significance for the safe operation through the wind-train-bridge coupling vibration analysis.

关 键 词：轨道交通 槽形梁 有效宽度 剪力滞效应 温度梯度 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U448.21[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]