基于环境影响的城轨设备预防性维修方法研究  

Research on Preventive Maintenance Method of Urban Rail Equipment Based on Environmental Impact Factors

作　　者：黎家靖 张宁[1] LI Jiajing;ZHANG Ning(ITS Institute of Southeast University,Nanjing 210018,China;China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学智能运输系统研究中心,南京210018 [2]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉430063

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第11期184-192,共9页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1600700);中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(H202120807)。

摘　　要：城市轨道交通的运营安全和服务水平离不开城轨设备的安全可靠运行,合理的维修维护方法有助于提高城轨设备的可靠性,基于此,提出一种基于环境影响的预防性维修方法。首先,考虑外部环境因素对城轨设备可靠性的影响,以威布尔分布和比例故障率模型为基础,构建基于环境影响的威布尔比例故障率模型,使用极大似然法和粒子群算法进行模型参数优化估计;其次,引入役龄回退因子和故障率递增因子对设备退化过程进行建模,基于设备最低可靠度阈值确定设备预防性维修周期,并建立剩余寿命函数预测设备剩余寿命;最后,以地铁屏蔽门设备实际故障数据为例,选取温度变量为协变量表征外部环境因素对设备状态的影响。实验表明,基于环境影响的威布尔比例故障率模型的MAPE误差约为0.093 3,误差相较于传统威布尔分布模型降低约43%;使用基于环境影响的预防性维修方法得到屏蔽门设备的故障率、预防性维修周期、剩余寿命等数据并对计算结果进行了详细分析。基于环境影响的预防性维修方法可动态调整设备维修周期,能使设备维修维护更加科学合理,对城轨设备维修决策具有一定参考意义。The operation safety and service level of urban rail transit depend on the safe and reliable operation of urban rail equipment and reasonable maintenance methods can improve the equipment reliability.The article proposes a preventive maintenance method of urban rail equipment based on environmental impact factors.Firstly,a Weibull Proportional hazards model which considers the impacts of environmental factors of urban rail equipment reliability is constructed based on the weibull distribution model and proportional hazards model.The paper uses maximum likelihood and particle swarm optimization to search model parameters.Secondly,the equipment degradation process is structured by the factors of servicing age regression and failure rate increase.The equipment maintenance cycle is obtained according to the minimum reliability and the remaining life function is established to predict equipment remaining life.Finally,the article uses actual fault data of metro platform screen doors equipment as an example and chooses temperature variable as covariate to represent the influence of external environmental factors on equipment state.The experiment shows that the MAPE error of weibull proportional hazards model is 0.093 3 and the error is reduced by 43% compared with the traditional weibull distribution model.The data of failure rate,preventive maintenance cycle,remaining life of platform screen doors equipment are obtained by the preventive maintenance method based on environmental impact factors and the calculation results are analyzed.The preventive maintenance method based on environmental impact factors can dynamically adjust the equipment maintenance cycle and it can make equipment maintenance more reasonable.It's significant for maintenance decision of urban rail equipment.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 城轨设备 环境影响 预防性维修 威布尔比例故障率模型 维修周期 剩余寿命 屏蔽门设备 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]