拜登经济学与美国新经济范式  

Bidenomics and the New US Economic Paradigm

作　　者：付随鑫 Fu Suixin

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2023年第9期76-96,148,149,共23页

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“大国应对治理困境的措施及得失研究”(20AZZ005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：拜登用“拜登经济学”来概括其国内和国际经济政策,并将其作为谋求连任的关键口号。拜登经济学具有三大鲜明的特点:为美国经济发展设定清晰的国家目标,大幅度强化政府对经济运行的干预,加强国内和国际经济政策的整合。拜登经济学明确拒绝了美国过去40年里盛行的新自由主义经济范式,整体上呈现出一种完备且连贯的新经济范式的形态。其兴起的根本原因是新自由主义经济政策不断累积的国内矛盾以及美国面临的越来强的国际竞争压力,直接原因是近年来美国国内的政治博弈,以及两党在经济政策上的新共识。拜登经济学的许多成果和政策都具有可持续性,同时它也面临着政治基础薄弱、财政状况恶化、外国反制等挑战。无论新的经济范式最终是否以“拜登经济学”命名,美国的经济治理都不可能回归先前的新自由主义范式。Biden has used"Bidenomics"to summarize his domestic and international economic policies and has made it a key slogan in his re-election campaign.Bidenomics is characterized by three distinctive features:setting clear national goals for US economic development,substantially strengthening government intervention in economic operations,and enhancing the integration of domestic and international economic policies.Bidenomics explicitly rejects the neoliberal economic paradigm that has prevailed in the Us for the past 40 years,and presents a complete and coherent form of the new economic paradigm as a whole.The fundamental reason for its emergence is the accumulating domestic contradictions of neoliberal economic policies and the increasing international competitive pressures faced by the United States.The direct reason is the domestic political struggle in recent years as well as the new bipartisan consensus on economic policies.Many of the achievements and policies of Bidenomics are sustainable,but it also faces challenges such as a weak political base,deteriorating fiscal conditions,and foreign countermeasures.Whether or not the new economic paradigm is ultimately named"Bidenomics,"it is unlikely that economic governance in the United States will return to the previous neoliberal paradigm.

关 键 词：美国经济 拜登经济学 新自由主义 经济范式 中美关系 

分 类 号：F171.2[经济管理—世界经济] F091.3