抗血小板药物作用机制及其研究进展  

Mechanism of action of antiplatelet drugs and their research progress

作　　者：陈春燕 周兰兰[2] 应杰[1] CHEN Chunyan;ZHOU Lanlan;YING Jie(Department of Pharmacy,Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310005,China;Department of Pharmacological Teaching and Research,Anhui Medical University,Anhui Province,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院药剂科,浙江杭州310005 [2]安徽医科大学药理教研室,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第30期27-30,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81870957)。

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化日趋加重,再加上生活环境、饮食习惯的改变,心脑血管病的发生率逐年增加,对于这类疾病的治疗,临床主要采用抗血小板药,抗血小板药对血小板的积聚、激活以及粘附均有一定作用,可很好预防或治疗心脑血管病等,还能很大程度降低疾病致死率。血小板活化是对多种激动剂的反应,如二磷酸腺苷、胶原、肾上腺素和凝血酶,这一系列激动剂是由于血管受损而被释放,活化的血小板进一步释放次生激动剂,这些在很大程度上促进了血小板膜受体蛋白受体与纤维蛋白原结合的构象变化,血小板与纤维蛋白原之间的“交联”最终导致血栓形成,采用抗血小板药可有效改善血管受损、血栓等症状。但此类药在发挥作用的同时也存在一定出血风险,因此需综合分析再正确运用。With the increasing aging of the domestic population,coupled with changes in living environment and dietary habits,the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is increasing year by year.For the treatment of this type of disease,antiplatelet drugs are mainly used in clinical practice,which have certain effects on platelet accumulation,acti-vation,and adhesion.They can effectively prevent or treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and can also greatly reduce the mortality rate of the disease.Platelet activation is a response to various agonists,such as adenosine diphosphate,collagen,adrenaline,and thrombin.These agonists are released due to vascular damage,and activated platelets further re-lease secondary agonists.These greatly promote conformational changes in the binding of platelet membrane receptor protein receptors to fibrinogen.The"cross-linking"between platelets and fibrinogen ultimately leads to thrombosis,and the use of antiplatelet drugs can effectively improve symptoms such as vascular damage and thrombosis.However,while such drugs exert their effects,there is also a certain risk of bleeding,so comprehensive analysis is necessary before correct use.

关 键 词：血小板 药物治疗 抗血小板药物 作用机制 

分 类 号：R969[医药卫生—药理学]