西北寒旱农区胡麻滚勺式精量穴播器的设计及试验  

Design and test of rolling spoon type flaxes precision hole sower for caraway in northwest cold and arid agricultural region

作　　者：石林榕 赵武云 SHI Lin-rong;ZHAO Wu-yun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2023年第9期2706-2717,共12页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-1-28);国家自然科学基金项目(52065004);甘肃省高等学校创新能力提升项目(2020A-51)。

摘　　要：针对胡麻穴播器用种量大、穴粒数变异系数大、穴孔缺种等实际问题,结合甘肃覆膜种植环境,设计了一种带舀种勺舌的滚勺式精量穴播器。通过分析穴播器的作业原理和排种过程,确定了滚勺组件组成及舀种勺尺寸、安装数量、安装角等主要参数,并采用响应曲面法分析了主勺深度、舀种勺安装角和穴播器角速度对穴播器排种性能的影响。结果表明:当主勺深度为6.68 mm、舀种勺安装角为7.62°、穴播器角速度为3.22 rad/s时,穴粒数合格率为92.5%,漏播率为2.54%,重播率为4.96%。本文研究结果可为胡麻精量穴播排种装置设计提供参考。In view of the practical problems such as large seed consumption,large variation coefficient of hole number and lack of seed in hole holes,a roller scoop type precision hole sowing seeder with scoop tongue was designed in Gansu mulch planting environment.By analyzing the operation principle of the seed rower and seed rowing process,the main parameters such as the composition of the rolling spoon assembly and the size,installation number and installation angle of the scooping spoon were determined,and the effects of the main spoon depth,the installation angle of the scooping spoon and the angular speed of the seed rowing wheel on the seed rowing performance of the seed rower were analyzed by the response surface method.The test showed that when the depth of main scoop was 6.68 mm,the installation angle of scoop was 7.62°and the angular speed of seed releasing wheel was 3.22 rad/s,the qualified rate of hole number was 92.5%,the rate of missed seeding was 2.54%,the rate of reseeding was 4.96%,and the seed releasing performance was better.This study can provide a basis for the design of precision hole-sowing seeding device for flaxes.

关 键 词：农业机械工程 胡麻 穴播器 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]