新型冠状病毒感染疫情对我国输入性疟疾防控的影响  

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of imported malaria in China

作　　者：刘颖[1] 王丹 贺志权 张滔[2] 燕慧[3] 林文[4] 张轩[5] 陆申宁 刘玉婷 王多全 黎军[3] 阮卫[5] 李石柱 张红卫[1] LIU Ying;WANG Dan;HE Zhiquan;ZHANG Tao;YAN Hui;LIN Wen;ZHANG Xuan;LU Shenning;LIU Yuting;WANG Duoquan;LI Jun;RUAN Wei;LI Shizhu;ZHANG Hongwei(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China;Guangxi Zhuang autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China;Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China;Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China;National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research),National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology,Shanghai 200025,China;School of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,China;School of Global Health,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [2]安徽省疾病预防控制中心 [3]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心 [4]湖北省疾病预防控制中心 [5]浙江省疾病预防控制中心 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所(国家热带病研究中心)、国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025 [7]郑州大学公共卫生学院 [8]上海交通大学医学院-国家热带病研究中心全球健康学院,上海200025

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2023年第4期383-388,共6页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32161143036)。

摘　　要：目的分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)疫情对我国输入性疟疾疫情及疟疾防控工作的影响,为消除疟疾后监测工作提供参考。方法收集2018年1月1日—2021年12月31日安徽省、湖北省、河南省、浙江省和广西壮族自治区报告的输入性疟疾病例资料,比较COVID-19疫情前(2018年1月1日—2020年1月22日)、后(2020年1月23日—2021年12月31日)上述5省疟疾病例数、感染虫种、感染来源地、回国后诊疗和处置情况。结果2018年1月1日—2021年12月31日,5个省份累计报告输入性疟疾病例2054例,COVID-19疫情前、后分别报告1722例和332例,均为输入性病例,所有病例均在确诊后1 d内报告。COVID-19疫情后,5个省份平均每年报告疟疾病例数(171例)较疫情前(826例)下降79.30%;自2020年2月起,5个省份每月报告疟疾病例数明显减少。COVID-19疫情前后5个省份疟疾病例感染虫种构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=146.70,P<0.05);COVID-19疫情前以恶性疟病例为主(72.30%);COVID-19疫情后,恶性疟病例占比下降至37.65%,卵形疟病例占比上升至最高(44.28%)。COVID-19疫情前后,5个省份疟疾病例感染来源地构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.83,P<0.05);与COVID-19疫情前相比,疫情后来自西非的病例占比降低(44.13%vs.37.95%;χ^(2)=4.34,P=0.037),来自东非的病例占比升高(9.58%vs.15.36%;χ^(2)=9.88,P=0.02)。COVID-19疫情后病例3 d内流行病学调查完成率(96.69%)低于疫情前(98.32%)(χ^(2)=3.87,P<0.05),7 d内疫点调查处置完成率(100.00%)高于疫情前(98.43%)(χ^(2)=3.95,P<0.05)。结论COVID-19疫情期间,我国安徽省、湖北省、河南省、浙江省和广西壮族自治区输入性疟疾疫情大幅下降,3 d内病例流行病学调查完成率下降。提示需增强监测系统敏感性,以防范COVID-19疫情防控政策改变后输入性疟疾病例激增带来的继发传播风险。ObjectiveTo examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic status of imported malaria and national malaria control program in China,so as to provide insights into post-elimination malaria surveillance.MethodsAll data pertaining to imported malaria cases were collected from Anhui Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from January 1,2018 through December 31,2021.The number of malaria cases,species of malaria parasites,country where malaria parasite were infected,diagnosis and treatment after returning to China,and response were compared before(from January 1,2018 to January 22,2020) and after the COVID-19 pandemic(from January 23,2020 to December 31,2021).ResultsA total of 2 054 imported malaria cases were reported in Anhui Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from January 1,2018to December 31,2021,and there were 1 722 cases and 332 cases reported before and after the COVID-19 pandemic,respectively.All cases were reported within one day after definitive diagnosis.The annual mean number of reported malaria cases reduced by 79.30% in Anhui Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region after the COVID-19 pandemic(171 cases) than before the pandemic(826 cases),and the number of monthly reported malaria cases significantly reduced in Anhui Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region since February 2020.There was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of species of malaria parasites among the imported malaria cases in Anhui Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before and after the COVID-19 pandemic(χ~2= 146.70,P<0.05),and P.falciparum malaria was predominant before the COVID-19 pandemic(72.30%),while P.ovale malaria(44.28%) was predominant after the COVID-19 pandemic,followed by P.falciparum malaria(37

关 键 词：疟疾 输入性病例 新型冠状病毒感染 安徽省 湖北省 河南省 浙江省 广西壮族自治区 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]