构式形式和意义描写的基本原则与参考框架  

Basic Principles and Reference Framework for Describing the Form and Meaning of Constructions

作　　者：马文津 刘文秀 邱莹 施春宏 MA Wenjin;LIU Wenxiu;QIU Ying;SHI Chunhong

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学文学院 [2]北京语言大学语言科学院 [3]江西师范大学文学院 [4]澳门大学人文学院,中国澳门

出　　处：《当代语言学》2023年第5期734-756,共23页Contemporary Linguistics

基　　金：河北省社科基金项目“面向汉语本体研究的构式类型界定与描写”(HB22YY022)的支持。

摘　　要：本文基于构式语法的知识观,确立了构式形式描写和意义描写所宜遵循的基本原则,包括系统性原则、区别性原则和一致性原则,并在此基础上确定了实体构式、半图式构式和图式构式的描写术语系统及操作规范,初步形成了面向汉语本体研究中各类构式、针对各类形式成分和意义成分及其关系的描写框架。本参考框架尤其重视形式描写的约束条件、意义描写的结构构建和形义对应关系的符号化等此前构式特征描写不曾关注或关注有限的问题,是构式形义描写走向系统化、结构化、一致化的一次尝试。Based on the knowledge view of Construction Grammar,constructions are primitive units in languages.In previous research,the description of constructions for Chinese ontology research is either based on case studies or only for specific sub-types of constructions.In addition,domain differences in the description of Chinese constructions(for example,ontology-oriented construction description and NLP-oriented construction description)need to be identified.These issues call for the establishment of some basic principles and a reference framework for describing the form and meaning of constructions.This article sets up three fundamental principles for construction description,including System Principle,Differentiation Principle and Unification Principle.With these principles,all components and features in a specific construction's formal structure(including constraints of categories)and meaning structure,as well as the relationship between formal and semantic components can be generalized and described.Different links between constructions can also be described in the construction network.On this basis,the description terminology system and operational specifications of substantive,semischematic,and schematic constructions are proposed,and a Chinese ontology-oriented descriptive framework of various constructions,their form and meaning components,as well as their corresponding relationships are initially formed.This reference framework lays particular emphasis on category constraints of formal description,the structuralization of meaning description,and the symbolization of the correspondence between form and meaning,which have not been concerned or only limitedly done in the previous studies.With these description principles and a reference framework,this article provides a feasible operational system.Therefore,it is highly self-contained in terms of internal logic,providing a relatively consistent basis for dialogues between case studies of constructions.It is an attempt to systematize,structuralize and unify the de

关 键 词：构式语法 构式形式 构式意义 描写原则 参考框架 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]