核电厂主控室撤离场景的定量化研究  

Study on Quantification of Abandonment Scenarios for the Main Control Room of Nuclear Power Plant

作　　者：张佳佳 刘坤秀 钱鸿涛 张慧一 ZHANG Jiajia;LIU Kunxiu;QIAN Hongtao;ZHANG Huiyi(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing,102488,China;China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京102488 [2]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2023年第4期782-789,共8页Nuclear Science and Engineering

摘　　要：主控室由于火灾等因素可能失去控制或丧失可居留性,导致运行人员撤离主控室至远程停堆站进行核电厂指挥和控制的场景。对运行人员主控室撤离场景的定量化是火灾概率安全分析的重要内容和技术难点,但国内核电工程项目一般采用保守或专家判断的方法进行定量化,未进行详细研究。论文基于NUREG-1921及其增补版导则,结合国内核电厂实际情况,对主控室撤离场景三个阶段情景及其定量化方法进行了研究。以国内某核电厂主控室撤离场景为例,开展了人员访谈和定量化分析。案例表明该核电厂针对主控室不可控的撤离没有明确规定,导致其人误概率较大,尽管该情景条件概率较低,但后果严重,建议核电厂增加相应程序。本研究为国内核电工程项目开展主控室撤离场景的定量化提供参考。The main control room may lose control or lose habitability due to factors such as fire,which in turn will lead to the scenarios that the operators have to abandon the main control room to the remote shutdown station for nuclear power plant command and control.The quantification of the main control room abandonment scenarios is the key technical element of the fire probabilistic safety analysis with certain difficulty,but conservative or expert judgment methods for quantitative analysis were often used in the domestic nuclear power engineering projects,and no detailed in-depth study was conducted.On the basis of studying the guidelines of NUREG-1921 and its supplementary version,and combining the actual situation of domestic nuclear power plants,the three phases of the main control room abandonment scenarios and its quantitative method were introduced.Meanwhile,talk-through interviews and quantification of the main control room abandonment scenarios in a domestic nuclear power plant were carried out.The case study shows that there are no specific procedures of the lose control scenario for the nuclear power plant,which resulting in a high human error probability.Though with a low conditional probability,the consequence of this scenario is severe,and it is recommended that relevant procedures should be added to the nuclear power plant.The proposed study is a reference for the quantification of the main control room abandonment scenarios for domestic nuclear power engineering projects.

关 键 词：核电厂 主控室撤离场景 人员可靠性分析 火灾概率安全分析 

分 类 号：TL364[核科学技术—核技术及应用]