7-14世纪拜占庭帝国在巴尔干西部地区的势力探究  

An Analysis of Byzantine Empire's Influence in the Western Part of the Balkan Peninsula from the Seventh to Fourteenth Centuries

作　　者：洪羽青 Hong Yuqing

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2023年第9期27-35,共9页History Teaching

摘　　要：巴尔干半岛西部地区边界争端、族裔冲突、宗教纷争频发,差异性远超同一性,原因在于该地区错失了历史整合的时机。7—11世纪,拜占庭帝国在巴尔干西部建立起了有效的直接与间接统治体系,还通过推动基督教化奠基了文化影响。然而,自11世纪中叶,拜占庭帝国对此地区的统治逐步失效,文化影响程度极不均衡。14世纪中叶起,拜占庭国力衰落,不仅在巴尔干西部的统治崩溃,而且随着其在此地区内最大的文化载体塞尔维亚帝国覆灭,承载、延续拜占庭文化的统一体被彻底打破,也经历了文化影响方面的崩溃。拜占庭势力在巴尔干西部地区的涨落,导致地区内部拜占庭化程度不一、拜占庭斯拉夫文明传统的整体性被打破,是南部斯拉夫人族群以及这一地区历史整合失败的重要原因之一。The western part of the Balkan Peninsula is plagued by disputes over borders,ethnicities and religions,with dfferences far outweighing similarities.The reason for this is that the region missed the opportunity for historical integration.From the 7th to the 1lth century,the Byzantine Empire established an effective direct and indirect system of rule in the region and laid the foundation for cultural influence by promoting Chris-tianization.However,since the mid-1lth century,the Byzantine Empire's rule over this region has gradually become ineffective,and cultural influence is distributed extremely unevenly.From the mid-14th century,the Byzantine Empire's power declined,not only did its rule in the western Balkans collapse,but with the col-lapse of the largest cultural carrier in this region,the Serbian Empire,the unified body that carried and con-tinued Byzantine culture was completely shattered,and it also experienced a collapse in cultural influence.The rise and fall of Byzantine influence in this region led to varying degrees of Byzantinization within it,and the overall integrity of the Byzantine-Slavic cultural tradition was disrupted.This is one of the important rea-sons for the failure of historical integration of the South Slavs and of this region.

关 键 词：巴尔干半岛 拜占庭帝国 塞尔维亚帝国 南部斯拉夫人 历史整合 

分 类 号：K134[历史地理—历史学]