基于马克思地租理论的数据生产要素研究  

Data as a Factor of Production:A Study Based on Marx's Theory of Rent

作　　者：贾利军[1] 郝启晨 JIA Lijun;HAO Qichen(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《经济纵横》2023年第8期1-11,F0002,共12页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“数字化时代世界资本主义新变化新问题研究”(编号:22JZD006);工业和信息化部重点项目“数字技术与制造业深度融合推动高质量发展的机制、路径研究”(编号:GXZY2221)的成果。

摘　　要：基于要素参与收入分配性质上的差异,可将数据区分为原始数据和价值数据。由于原始数据不具有价值属性,决定了其参与收入分配的主要方式是获取数据地租,分别表现为数据级差地租Ⅰ和Ⅱ、数据绝对地租Ⅰ和Ⅱ。原始数据积累与资本积累的内在逻辑是:原始数据积累导致数据地租的不断增长,其所有权和使用权直接合一,通过数据地租资本化产生促进资本积累的内在机制,进而形成原始数据积累与资本积累相互增强的正反馈机制。虽然原始数据所有权和使用权的直接合一掩盖了二者本质上的分离,但理论上可以明确数据地租的价格和数据耕地的价格。研究结论可为数据确权、数据交易、相关数据法规制定提供理论支持。According to the differences in the nature of factors participating in income distribution,data can be classified into raw data and value data.Raw data lack value attributes,and thus data rent is the main way of raw data participating in income distribution,which is manifested as differential rents I and II and absolute rents I and II,respectively.The inherent logic between raw data accumulation and capital accumulation can be explained as follows.The accumulation of raw data leads to the continuous growth of data rent,and the ownership and use rights of data are directly integrated.The capitalization of data rent generates an internal mechanism to promote capital accumulation,thereby forming a positive feedback mechanism in which raw data accumulation and capital accumulation mutually reinforce each other.Although the direct integration of ownership and use rights of raw data conceals the essential separation between them,it can theoretically clarify the price of data rent and the price of data arable land.The conclusion can provide theoretical support for data rights confirmation,data trading,and the formulation of relevant regulations.

关 键 词：原始数据 价值数据 数据积累 数据地租 数据耕地 价格决定 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]