瞬态条件下电磁轨道发射装置绝缘体热损伤分析  

Thermal Damage Analysis of Insulator in Electromagnetic Rail Launcher under Transient Conditions

作　　者：胡鑫凯 鲁军勇[1] 李白 谭赛 张嘉炜 Hu Xinkai;Lu Junyong;Li Bai;Tan Sai;Zhang Jiawei(National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Energy Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033 China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电磁能技术全国重点实验室,武汉430033

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第21期5673-5681,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51925704,92166204,92166108,52107064,52207071);国防科技重点实验室基金(6142217210504)资助项目。

摘　　要：电磁轨道发射装置绝缘体在瞬态发射条件下易出现热损伤而影响其支撑强度和绝缘性能。为分析电枢膛内运动以及炮口电弧回流两个阶段绝缘体的热损伤情况,该文建立了三维瞬态电-磁-热耦合模型以及考虑G10绝缘体细观结构的流-固-热耦合模型。结果显示:电枢膛内运动阶段,绝缘体最高温度始终出现在电枢起始位置附近,接近最高允许工作温度;炮口电弧回流阶段,回流电弧对绝缘体纱线的影响很小,仅口部1.3 mm范围内的纱线形成“倒角”状热损伤,但对绝缘体内表面电弧流经区域的树脂造成了大范围热分解,树脂的热分解损伤占主导地位,并得到了试验验证。导轨冷却系统设计可以避免绝缘体支撑强度下降,采用炮口消弧装置以及提高树脂的抗热侵蚀能力有助于避免绝缘失效。The insulator of electromagnetic rail launcher is prone to thermal damage under transient launch conditions,which affects the support strength and insulation performance.At present,the research on thermal damage of the insulator is mainly focused on two-dimensional transient simulation and the description and analysis of experimental phenomena,without considering the thermal effect of time-space variation of rail heat caused by armature motion on the insulator,and there is a lack of research on the thermal erosion mechanism of the insulator in fluid-solid-thermal coupling environment.Therefore,this paper uses a three-dimensional transient electro-magnetic-thermal coupling model to analyze the influence of rail heat varying with time and armature position on the insulator.A fluid-solid-thermal coupling model considering the meso-structure of G10 insulator is established to explain the thermal erosion mechanism of muzzle arc blowback on the insulator,which is verified by experiments.Firstly,the governing equation of transient electromagnetic field,thermal diffusion equation and armature motion equation in the armature in-bore launching stage are established,in which the armature motion is realized by changing the material properties of the armature motion area.The geometric model of the launcher is constructed and the boundary conditions of magnetic field,electric field and temperature field are applied.Secondly,the turbulence equation of muzzle arc blowback stage is established,and the meso-model of G10 insulator reinforcement(yarn)and matrix(resin)is constructed,and the fluid boundary conditions and solid and fluid heat transfer boundary conditions are applied.Finally,the experimental phenomenon of the prototype is compared with the law of thermal erosion obtained by simulation.The simulation results show that under the condition of single launch,the maximum temperature of the insulator inner surface in contact with the rail is 401 K in the armature in-bore launching stage,which is close to the maximum allowable

关 键 词：电磁轨道发射装置 G10绝缘体 多物理场耦合 热损伤 

分 类 号：TM359.4[电气工程—电机]