口环间隙对双级高速离心泵性能的影响  

Influence of ring clearance on the performance of two-stage high-speed centrifugal pumps

作　　者：周治华 王浩明 王园丁 李小芳 林庆国 ZHOU Zhihua;WANG Haoming;WANG Yuanding;LI Xiaofang;LIN Qingguo(Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]上海空间推进研究所上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海201112

出　　处：《火箭推进》2023年第5期66-72,共7页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：上海市产业协同创新基金(2022016)。

摘　　要：为探究口环间隙对离心泵性能的影响,以双级低比转速高速离心泵为研究对象,测量了原型及减小口环间隙改进型的水力性能,对比了两种方案的测试结果,结合试验数据和计算分析了口环间隙对离心泵泄漏损耗及摩擦损耗的影响。结果表明:减小口环间隙能有效提高离心泵的扬程及效率,改进方案的泵效率提升约5%;在设计转速测量工况范围内,随着流量的增大,原型方案的扬程系数逐渐下降,小口环间隙方案的扬程系数变化较小,扬程系数下降使得计算的泄漏损耗占比变化更加显著;尽管减小口环间隙会增加摩擦损耗,但考虑泄漏损耗的影响时,确保运行安全的情况下减小口环间隙是提高泵性能的有效途径。In order to explore the impacts of ring clearance on the performance of centrifugal pumps,a two-stage low specific speed centrifugal pump with high speed is chosen as the research object.The hydraulic performance of the prototype and improved scheme with decreased ring clearance are measured at multiple operation points,the test results of these two schemes are compared,and the influences of wear ring clearance on the leakage loss and friction loss are analyzed by experiments and empirical formula calculations.As a result,the reduction of ring clearance can effectively enhance the head and efficiency of centrifugal pumps,and the pump efficiency of the improved scheme is increased by 5.In the range of measurement conditions at the designed speed,with the increase of the flow,the head coefficient of the prototype gradually decreases,while the change of the improved scheme is not obvious.The decrease in the head coefficient makes the change in the calculated leakage loss ratio more obvious.Although the friction loss is higher with a smaller ring clearance,reducing the ring clearance is an available approach to improve the pump performance which reduces the leakage loss remarkably.

关 键 词：高速离心泵 口环间隙 泄漏损耗 摩擦损耗 泵效率 

分 类 号：V434.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]