典型阳极氧化铝合金在热带海洋大气环境下的腐蚀行为研究  

Study on corrosion behavior of typical anodized aluminum alloys in tropical marine atmosphere

作　　者：许志龙 何林玥 于乃川 姚琼 郭勇 XU Zhilong;HE Linyue;YU Naichuan;YAO Qiong;GUO Yong(Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin College,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Tianjin 301830,China;Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Space Launching Site Reliability Technology,Haikou 571000,China;School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Tianjin Vocational Institute,Tianjin 300410,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学天津学院材料科学与工程系,天津301830 [2]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083 [3]航天发射场可靠性技术重点实验室,海南海口571000 [4]天津市职业大学生物与环境工程学院,天津300410

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2023年第20期48-57,共10页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY101400);国家自然科学基金项目(51771027,51901018);天津市教委科研计划项目(2021KJ069)。

摘　　要：在文昌热带海洋大气环境下对经过硫酸阳极氧化的2A12、6061和7050铝合金进行48个月的长期大气暴露试验,根据腐蚀动力学,宏观和微观腐蚀形貌演变,以及腐蚀产物形貌和成分分析,研究了它们的腐蚀行为。结果表明,3种铝合金硫酸阳极氧化试样的腐蚀形式主要为点蚀,表面会出现不规则的颗粒腐蚀产物,随着暴露时间延长而逐渐形成一些大块的疏松、有裂纹的腐蚀产物,主要是Al_(2)O_(3)和AlO(OH)。在这个过程中,点蚀坑不断从阳极氧化膜表面发展到铝合金基体。3种试样的腐蚀失重与暴露时间的关系均符合幂函数规律,腐蚀速率较小,说明硫酸阳极氧化膜对铝合金基体有较好的保护作用。与6061和7050铝合金硫酸阳极氧化试样相比,硫酸阳极氧化2A12铝合金的腐蚀更为严重。The long-term atmospheric exposure test of 2A12,6061,and 7050 aluminum alloys treated by sulfuric acid anodizing was carried out in Wenchang with the tropical marine climate for 48 months,and their corrosion behavior was studied based on corrosion kinetics,evolution of macroscopic and microscopic corrosion morphology,and microstructure and composition of corrosion products.The results showed that pitting was the main corrosion form for the three types of sulfuric acid-anodized aluminum alloys.There existed granular corrosion products on their surfaces after exposure in tropical marine atmosphere.With the extending of exposure time,some porous,cracked,and blocky corrosion products composed of Al_(2)O_(3)and AlO(OH)were formed.Meanwhile,corrosion pits developed continuously and penetrated from the anodized film surface to the aluminum alloy substrate.The relationship between corrosion weight loss and exposure time for the three types of specimens conforms to the law of power function,and their corrosion rates are small,indicating that the anodic oxide film prepared in sulfuric acid provides effective protection for the aluminum alloys.The anodized 2A12 aluminum alloy experienced more serious corrosion than the anodized 6061 and 7050 aluminum alloys.

关 键 词：铝合金 硫酸阳极氧化 海洋大气暴露 腐蚀行为 微观形貌 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理] TG174.451[金属学及工艺—金属学]