高镍锍浸出渣高效清洁利用工艺  

High-efficiency clean utilization process of leaching residue of high nickel matte

作　　者：谢铿 王海北 马育新 李渭鹏 XIE Keng;WANG Haibei;MA Yuxin;LI Weipeng(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;Xinjiang Institute of Nonferrous Metals,Urumqi 830099,China;Fukang Refinery of Xinjiang Xinxin Mining Industry Co.Ltd.,Fukang 831500,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [2]新疆有色金属研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830099 [3]新疆新鑫矿业股份有限公司阜康冶炼厂,新疆阜康831500

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第5期76-83,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1907403)。

摘　　要：高镍锍是镍冶炼过程的重要中间产品,通过高镍锍可以使镍铁、电镍、硫酸镍等镍产品在市场中进行相互转化和维持平衡,对于镍产业的稳健发展具有十分重要的意义。高镍锍经湿法提镍后产生大量含镍、铜、钴及金、银、铂、钯等贵金属的浸出渣,具有巨大的综合利用价值。科研人员攻克了高镍锍浸出渣有价组分分离提取关键技术,实现了企业从最初的单一电解镍生产发展为镍、铜、钴和金、银、铂、钯等贵金属综合回收。近年来,在环保政策愈趋严格以及冶炼工艺低碳转型的形势驱动下,进一步提出了热压浸出降低渣含镍量、氧压浸出替代回转窑焙烧处理浸铜后渣、含钠高盐废水乏汽蒸发及资源化利用等技术对现有工艺进行优化升级和提质增效。本文主要介绍高镍锍浸出渣冶金工艺现状,剖析存在的问题,阐述改进工艺最新进展及其涉及的反应原理和工业实践情况,为相关企业提供参考。High nickel matte is an important intermediate product in the nickel metallurgical process.By using nickel matte,nickel products such as ferronickel,electrolytic nickel and nickel sulfate can be mutually transformed and balanced in the market,which is of great significance for the steady development of nickel industry.A large number of leaching residues containing nickel,copper,cobalt,gold,silver,platinum,palladium and other precious metals are produced from high matte nickel after nickel hydrometallurgical extraction,which has great comprehensive utilization value.Researchers have solved the key technologies of separation and extraction of valuable components of high nickel matte leaching residue,and realized the development of the enterprise from the original single electrolytic nickel production workshop to an industrial park for comprehensive recovery of nickel,copper,cobalt and precious metals such as gold,silver,platinum and palladium.In recent years,driven by the increasingly strict environmental protection policies and the low-carbon transformation of metallurgical process,technologies such as hot acid pressure leaching for nickel reduction in residues,oxygen pressure leaching instead of rotary kiln roasting to treat the residues after copper extraction,and resource utilization of sodium sulfate wastewater are further proposed to optimize and upgrade the existing process and improve the quality and efficiency.This paper mainly introduces the current situation of the metallurgical process of high nickel matte leaching residue,analyzes the existing problems,expounds the latest progress of the improved process,metallurgical principle and industrial practice,and provides reference for relevant enterprises.

关 键 词：高镍锍 浸出渣 热压浸出 氧压浸出 金属分离提取 硫酸钠 废水处理 资源化利用 

分 类 号：TF815[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]