硫化转型-定向还原法高效分离回收碲化铜渣和分银炉精炼渣中的碲  

Tellurium recovery from copper telluride slag and refining slag by sulfide leaching-selective reduction process

作　　者：张继润 孔德颂 攸骏 章尚发 董竞成 袁杰 刘左伟 董波 许志鹏 田庆华 ZHANG Jirun;KONG Desong;YOU Jun;ZHANG Shangfa;DONG Jingcheng;YUAN Jie;LIU Zuowei;DONG Bo;XU Zhipeng;TIAN Qinghua(Southwest Copper Branch of Yunnan Copper Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650102,China;School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司,云南昆明650102 [2]中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第5期84-93,共10页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：本文分别以阳极泥处理过程中产生的碲化铜渣和分银炉精炼渣为原料,采用“硫化转型-定向还原”法回收碲。结果表明:在硫化转型过程中,在60%硫化钠过量系数分别为10倍和6倍、液固比10∶1、转速400 r/min、温度分别为90℃和40℃的条件下水热反应3 h,碲化铜渣和分银炉精炼渣的碲浸出率分别为97.00%和99.75%;在定向还原过程中,在无水亚硫酸钠过量系数5倍、转速400 r/min、反应温度70℃的条件下水热反应3 h,碲化铜渣和分银炉精炼渣浸出液的碲还原率分别为99.75%和91.49%,产出碲粉的总直收率分别为96.76%和91.26%,粗碲粉的纯度均高于99%。对尾液中的硒进一步回收,此外尾液中的钠和硫在氧化后均可通过蒸发结晶以硫酸钠的形式回收。实践证明,该工艺回收碲具有适应性好、回收率高、产物纯度高、药剂成本低、工艺流程短等显著优势。In this study,"sulide leaching-selective reduction"process was proposed for tlurium recovery.The copper telluride slag and refining slag from the silver separation furnace in the process of anode slime treatment process was used as the raw materials in this study.In the sulfide leaching process,the sodium sulfide excess coefficient was 10 and 6 times,the solid to liquid ratio was 10:1,the rotation speed was 400 r/min,the temperature was 90℃ and 40 C,and the time was 3 h.Under these conditions,the tellurium leaching efficiencies of the two were 97.00% and 99.75%,respectively.In the directed reduction process,the sodium sulfite excess coefficient was 5 times,the rotation speed was 400 r/min,the temperature was 70 C,and the time was 3 h.Under these conditions,the tellurium reduction ratios of the two were 99.75%and 91.49%,respectively.The total tellurium recoveries of the two were 96.76%and 91.26%,respectively.The purity of coarse tellurium powder was higher than 99%.The selenium in the waste liquid after selective reduction was further recovered.The excessive sodium and sulfur in the waste liquid can be recovered by evaporation and crystallization after oxidation.Generally,the total process performedgood adaptability,highrecoveryhigh product purity,low cost and short process flow in tellurium recovery.

关 键 词：碲回收 铜阳极泥 硫化浸出 定向还原 硫酸钠 固废处理 碲化铜渣 分银炉精炼渣 

分 类 号：TF843[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF803