微波辅助酸浸实现磷石膏中稀土元素有效浸出  

Effective leaching of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum by microwave-assisted acid leaching

作　　者：向浩 马梦雨[1,2,3,4] 李昶宜 郭莉 叶恒朋 吴昭远[1,2,3] 李佳 陈绍华[1,2,3] 杜冬云 XIANG Hao;MA Mengyu;LI Changi;GUO Li;YE Hengpeng;WU Zhaoyuan;LI Jia;CHEN Shaohua;DU Dongyun(College of Resources and Environment,South-central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution,Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education,South-central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;Xingfa School of Mining Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]湖北省重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [3]中南民族大学催化转化与能源材料化学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [4]武汉工程大学兴发矿业学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第5期121-127,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2019ACA156)。

摘　　要：磷石膏(PG)是磷肥工业中一种含有稀土元素的废弃物,稀土元素含量低但储量大,从磷石膏中回收稀土元素具有较大的经济价值。本研究重点是磷石膏的深入表征以及浸出过程研究,采用微波辅助酸浸磷石膏实现稀土元素浸出的方法。结果表明:在微波辅助条件下,当硝酸浓度为2.0 mol/L,固液比为6∶100(g/mL),浸出温度为80℃,浸出时间为30 min时,磷石膏稀土总元素的浸出率为96.52%。借助SEM、XRD探究微波酸浸机理,进一步表明在微波酸浸过程中由于微波、高温等相互作用会破坏晶体结构使颗粒细化,从而促使微波浸出效果比水浴浸出效果高12.3%。Phosphogypsum(PG)is a waste product containing rare earth elements from the phosphate fertilizer industry,with low levels of rare earth elements,but have large reserve quantity,and the recycling of rare earth elements from it has large economic value.The study focuses on the in-depth characterization of phosphogypsum and the study of the leaching process.Microwave assisted acid leaching of phosphogypsum was proposed to acid leaching of the rare earth elements.The results show that under the conditions of nitric acid concentration of 2.0 mol/L,solid/liquid ratio of 6:100,leaching temperature of 80℃and leaching time of 30 min,the leaching rate of total rare earth elements in phosphogypsum was 96.52%under the microwave reactor.The mechanism of microwave acid leaching was investigated with the characterization of SEM and XRD,which further showed that the interaction of microwave and high temperature in the process of microwave acid leaching would destroy the crystal structure to refine the particles,thus promoting the effect of microwave leaching 12.3%higher than that of water bath leaching.

关 键 词：磷石膏 微波 稀土元素 酸浸 晶体结构 回收 磷酸 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TD98[矿业工程—选矿]