全球转基因抗虫玉米专利布局及对我国的发展建议  

Global Patent Layout of Genetically Modified Insect-resistant Maize and Development Suggestions to China

作　　者：贾倩 郑怀国[1] 赵静娟 JIA Qian;ZHENG Huaiguo;ZHAO Jingjuan(Institute of Data Science and Agricultural Economics,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院数据科学与农业经济研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2023年第5期647-660,共14页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项“面向科研管理的情报研究与服务能力提升”“智库型农业情报研究与服务体系提升”(KJCX20200202,KJCX20200203)。

摘　　要：转基因抗虫玉米在我国具有良好商业化应用前景,通过分析其全球专利布局,以厘清全球转基因抗虫玉米技术研发格局、洞悉技术发展趋势,明确我国该领域技术发展差距,为合理部署我国转基因抗虫玉米技术创新,有序推进其产业化发展、完善知识产权布局与保护,提供数据支撑。基于专利信息,采用文献计量法从时间、地域和研发主体等维度梳理全球转基因抗虫玉米技术研发格局,通过文本聚类和技术发展路线分析,明晰转基因抗虫玉米技术研发热点、发展历程及未来发展趋势。结果显示,当前全球转基因抗虫玉米技术研发趋于成熟,美国和中国是主要技术来源国,美国在专利规模、全球化布局和产业化发展方面优势显著,国际种业巨头专利储备丰富,布局地域广泛。表达载体构建是该领域的重点技术,多重抗虫基因组成的嵌合基因和多抗虫基因表达盒组合是其未来发展方向。我国在专利申请规模、全球化布局和产业化发展方面尚有差距,在表达载体构建和检测方法方面的专利布局仍有不足。建议我国以基因表达载体构建技术为重点优化技术研发布局、积极培育种企创新能力强化其创新主体地位,进一步提升知识产权保护水平及全球化布局战略意识。Genetically modified(GM)insect-resistant maize has a good prospect of commercial application in China.The patent layout analysis was carried out to clarify the global research and development(R&D)pattern of GM insect-resistant maize technology,understand the technology development trend,and figure out the technical development gap in China to provide data support for rational deploying the technological innovation of GM insect-resistant maize,promoting its industrialization development in an orderly manner and improving the layout and protection of intellectual property rights in China.Based on the patent information,the global R&D pattern of GM insect-resistant maize technology was analyzed from the dimensions of the application year,region distribution and R&D subject by using the bibliometric method.The technical hotspots,development history and future development trends of GM insect-resistant maize technology were clarified through text clustering and technology development route analysis.The results show that the current research and development of global GM insect-resistant maize technology tends to be mature.The United States and China are the leading technology origin countries.The United States has significant advantages in patent scale,global layout and industrialization development.The international seed industry giants have enough patents and a comprehensive geographical structure.Expression vector construction is a key technical branch in the field.Chimeric genes composed of multiple insect-resistant genes and the combination of multi-insect-resistant gene expression cassettes are future development directions.There still exists a gap in the patent application number,global layout and industrialization development level of GM insect-resistant maize in China,with insufficient patent layout in the technical branch of expression vector construction and identification methods.It is suggested that China should emphasize gene expression vector construction technology to optimize the structure of technology

关 键 词：转基因玉米 抗虫 专利 文本聚类 技术发展路线 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] G306[文化科学]