基于声波远探测的识别地质异常体方法及其试验研究  

Recognition Method of Geological Anomaly Using Remote Exploration Acoustic and Its Laboratory Test

作　　者：徐嘉轩 侯明勋[1] 刘磊 XU Jiaxuan;HOU Mingxun;LIU Lei(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Geosteering&Logging Research Institute,SINOPEC Matrix Corporation,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [2]中石化经纬公司地质测控技术研究院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2023年第8期43-47,52,共6页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

摘　　要：针对岩体工程领域里对地质异常体的探测与识别存在的不足,提出将声波远探测成像方法应用于浅层地表岩体工程中的地质分界面及空洞、裂缝等地质异常体识别。根据浅表岩体工程声波远探测的应用场景及施工要求,设计并试制了一套声波远探测室内试验装置,优化了实现远探测的关键核心部件偶极子声源。采用改进的三叠片型换能器压电陶瓷配置方案,可以满足对绝大部分地层的探测需求。激励偶极子的直流高压脉冲信号源频率为1 Hz、发射脉宽1μs、最大直流脉冲电压3 kV。在一定厚度的水泥地板上开展了初步试验,通过单波波形分析和多波综合研究,根据直达波、反射波特征分析计算了试验场地内的水泥接缝、立柱相对位置信息,实验结果与现场实际特征相吻合。该试验方法为将声波远探测方法应用于浅层地表岩体工程中地质异常体识别研究奠定了基础;同时,亦为其今后应用于隧道超前地质预报研究提供一定的参考。In view of the deficiencies in the detection and identification of geological anomalies in the field of rock engineering,it is proposed to apply the remote exploration acoustic imaging method to the recognition of geological interfaces and geological anomalies such as cavities and fractures in shallow surface rock engineering.According to the construction requirements of remote exploration in shallow surface rock projects,a set of simple remote exploration acoustic generator indoor test device is designed and made,and the dipole source,which is the core component of remote exploration,is optimized.An improved three-stacked transducer piezoelectric ceramic configuration scheme is adopted,which meets the exploration requirements of the vast majority of stratum.The DC high-voltage pulse signal source to excite the dipole has a frequency of 1 Hz,an emission pulse width of 1μs,and a maximum DC pulse voltage of 3000 V.Preliminary tests are carried out on a concrete floor with a certain thickness,by the comprehensive analysis of single-wave and multi-wave,the relative position information of concrete joints and columns in the test site is calculated based on the characteristics of direct and reflected wave,and the results are consistent with the actual characteristics of the site.The experimental results lay a foundation for the future application of the method in the identification of geological anomalies in shallow surface rock engineering.It may provide some references for its application to the study of tunnel advanced geological forecast.

关 键 词：远探测声波成像 偶极子声源 超前地质预报 地质异常体 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]