影响逆变器供电驱动装置轴承可靠性的关键问题研究  

Research on Key Issues Affecting the Bearing Reliability of Inverter-Fed Drive Unit

作　　者：王立国[1,2] 曲天威 曲松 杨秀娟 WANG Liguo;QU Tianwei;QU Song;YANG Xiujuan(Department of Engineering Mechanics,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580 Shandong,China;Locomotive Development Department,CRRC Dalian Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116022 Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)工程力学系,山东青岛266580 [2]中车大连机车车辆有限公司机车开发部,辽宁大连116022

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2023年第5期127-134,共8页Railway Locomotive & Car

摘　　要：针对逆变器供电驱动装置轴承过早失效问题,文中综合运用力学、电学和润滑等相关理论,提出了影响逆变器供电驱动装置轴承过早失效及可靠性的4个方面关键因素,并提出了电蚀应力修正系数用于解决电蚀应力下轴承寿命远低于理论计算寿命的问题。影响轴承可靠性的4个方面关键因素分别为:力学冲击耦合电蚀作用、电流路径与类型、轴承疲劳寿命计算模型及计算标准体系、轴承弹性动力润滑状态方程。研究发现:力学冲击耦合电蚀应力可降低轴承寿命至理论计算寿命的16%以下;驱动装置存在3种电流路径和7种轴承电流类型,轴承在其电流密度超过0.1 A/mm2容易发生电蚀;4种轴承寿命模型对轴承可靠性计算影响较大,不同应力下计算结果会相差10倍以上;不同润滑模型会直接影响润滑油膜厚度计算,进而对电蚀程度评估产生影响。另外,电蚀应力修正系数aelectric估计值取0.16,将其应用于ISO 281标准中能有效考虑电蚀应力对轴承过早失效的影响,为逆变器供电驱动装置轴承故障分析和可靠性提供借鉴。In order to solve bearing premature failure issue of inverter-fed drive unit,this paper synthesizes the related theories of mechanics,electricity and lubrication,four key factors affecting premature failure and reliability of bearing in inverter-fed drive unit are presented,the electric erosion stress modification coefficient is proposed for the first time to solve the problem that the bearing life under the electric erosion stress is much lower than the theoretical life.The four key factors are mechanical impact coupled with electric erosion,current paths and types,bearing fatigue life calculation model and calculation standard system,elastic dynamic lubrication state equation etc.It is found that the mechanical impact coupled with the corrosion stress can reduce the bearing life to less than 16%of the theoretical life;if the current density of the bearing exceeds 0.1 A/mm2,it is easy to be corroded;and four kinds of bearing life models have great influence on the life calculation of the bearing,the calculated results under different stresses will differ by more than 10 times;different lubrication models will directly affect the calculation of the thickness of lubricating oil,and then affect the evaluation of the degree of electrical corrosion.In addition,the estimated value of the modification coefficient of the corrosion stress is 0.16,which can be used in the ISO281 standard to effectively consider the effect of the corrosion stress on the premature failure of the bearing,it can be used for reference for bearing fault analysis and reliability of inverter power supply drive device.

关 键 词：轴承可靠性 电蚀应力 轴承电流与路径 轴承疲劳寿命模型 轴承寿命修正系数aelectric 

分 类 号：U264.4[机械工程—车辆工程]