苦水玫瑰产地土壤重金属污染评价与溯源解析  

Contamination evaluation and source apportionment of heavy metals from Kushui Rose growing soils

作　　者：李军 杨云钦[1] 台喜生 焦亮[2] 陈伟 臧飞[3] 李开明 LI Jun;YANG Yunqin;TAI Xisheng;JIAO Liang;CHEN Wei;ZANG Fei;LI Kaiming(College of Urban Environment,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis,Gansu Province,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院城市环境学院,兰州730070 [2]西北师范大学甘肃省绿洲资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第16期223-234,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(21JR1RA319);甘肃省绿洲资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室开放课题项目(GORS202102)。

摘　　要：探明特色农产品产地土壤重金属污染特征及其污染来源可促进特色农作物产业的健康有序发展,对于助力乡村振兴和发展乡村特色产业具有重要意义。该研究以苦水玫瑰产地土壤为研究对象,应用内梅罗综合污染指数法、污染负荷指数法和改进物元可拓模型来量化土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的污染水平并进行对比分析,还利用正定因子矩阵模型(positive matrix factorization,PMF)进行土壤重金属溯源解析。结果表明:1)研究区土壤除Hg和Cr的均值低于兰州市和甘肃省土壤背景值之外,其余As、Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的均值都高于二者的背景值,但所有元素的测定值均低于《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)(GB 15618-2018)》(pH值大于7.5)的筛选值。2)内梅罗综合污染指数和污染负荷指数分别处于0.71~2.02和0.64~1.48之间,均值为1.41和1.17,土壤总体上为轻度污染。改进物元可拓模型评价结果显示研究区土壤总体上处于尚清洁状态,与内梅罗综合污染指数与污染负荷指数评价结果基本一致,但改进物元可拓模型的评价结果更具有实际指导意义。3)研究区土壤重金属来源复杂,Hg主要受工业-燃煤源和交通源的共同影响;Cd主要受农业源的影响;Zn主要受交通源和农业源的复合影响;As、Cr、Cu、Ni和Pb主要受工业活动产生的大气沉降源的影响。研究结果可为苦水玫瑰种植地土壤重金属污染的风险管控和苦水玫瑰产业的高质量可持续发展提供科学的理论依据。Typical agricultural products depend mainly on the accurate identification of the contamination characteristics and their sources of heavy metals in soil.It is of great significance to effectively promote the sustainable development of special crops in the rural revitalization and characteristic industry.This investigation was focused on the rose-growing soils in Kushui Town,Yongdeng County,Lanzhou City,Gansu Province,China.A comparative analysis was performed on the combination of the Nemerow pollution index,pollution load index,and the improved matter-element extension model.The pollution levels were quantified for the eight soil heavy metals(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,and Zn).A positive matrix factorization model was also applied to apportion the sources of soil heavy metal pollution.The results showed that:1)The mean concentrations of As,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,and Zn in the study area exceeded their corresponding soil background values of Lanzhou City and Gansu Province,except for Hg and Cr.Specifically,the average levels of Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu,Pb,As,Cd,and Hg in soils exceeded their soil background values of Lanzhou City by 1.43,1.04,1.23,1.34,1.19,1.36,1.41,and 0.73 fold,respectively,while surpassed their background levels of Gansu Province by 1.16,0.94,1.06,1.22,1.37,1.13,2.08,and 1.02 fold,respectively.However,the concentrations of all the elements were lower than the standard values of the Soil environmental quality Risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land(Trial)(GB 15618-2018)(pH value>7.5).2)The matter-element extension model showed that there were 59(60.82%)samples with a still clean state,35(36.08%)samples with mild pollution,and 3(3.1%)samples with moderate pollution.Overall,the soils were in a still clean state in the study region.Moreover,the Nemerow integrated pollution index(NPI)values in soils ranged from 0.71 to 2.02 with a mean value of 1.41,indicating slight pollution.Specifically,approximately 4.12%of the sampled sites were warning limit,94.85%of sites reached slight pollution,and only 1.03

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 物元可拓模型 PMF模型 源解析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X82