稻虾种养模式下稻田温室气体排放规律研究  

Research on the law of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields under the rice-shrimp planting and breeding model

作　　者：李清海 谢青芸 叶佩 LI Qing-hai;XIE Qing-yun;YE Pei(Jingzhou Agrometeorological Experimental Station,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]荆州农业气象试验站,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第10期30-36,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：采用静态箱-气相色谱法在江汉平原开展了稻虾种养模式和中稻单作下稻田CH_(4)和N_(2)O排放的对比监测试验,重点探究了稻虾种养模式下稻田温室气体排放强度特征及田间表层水深和气温对稻虾种养田温室气体排放的影响,为江汉平原稻田温室气体排放核算评估和减排技术制定提供参考依据。结果表明,与常规中稻田相比,稻虾种养田CH_(4)排放总量显著增加369.3%(P<0.05),N_(2)O排放总量显著降低33.3%(P<0.05),N_(2)O与CH_(4)排放呈此消彼长的关系;增温潜势的主要贡献来源为CH_(4)排放,稻虾种养模式田温室气体排放强度比常规中稻田显著增加1.06 kg CO_(2)-e/kg(P<0.05);稻虾种养田CH_(4)的排放通量与田间表层水深和温度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),常规中稻田非淹水期N_(2)O排放与箱内温度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。稻虾种养田温室气体的高排放主要由持续淹水厌氧状态导致,探究该模式CH_(4)减排举措最为关键;中稻由于水旱轮作,稻田温室气体排放较低,可作为低碳减排的主要稻作类型。A comparative monitoring experiment of CH_(4) and N_(2)O emissions from paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and middle rice monoculture was carried out in Jianghan Plain by the static chamber-gas chromatography method.The characteristics of greenhouse gas emission intensity in paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and the effects of surface water depth and temperature on greenhouse gas emissions from rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields were mainly explored,which would provide a reference for the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and the formulation of emission reduction technologies in the Jianghan Plain.The results showed that compared with the conventional middle rice field,the cumulative CH_(4) emission in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 369.3%(P<0.05),and the cumulative N_(2)O emission was significantly reduced by 33.3%(P<0.05).There was a reciprocal relationship between N_(2)O and CH_(4) emissions.The main contribution of warming potential was CH_(4) emission,the greenhouse gas emission intensity of rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 1.06 kg CO_(2)-e/kg compared with that of the conventional middle rice field.There were significant positive correlation between CH_(4) emission flux and surface water depth,and between CH_(4) emission flux and surface water temperature in riceshrimp planting and breeding fields(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between N_(2)O emission and temperature in the box in the conventional middle rice field during the non-flooding period(P<0.05).The high emission of greenhouse gases in riceshrimp planting and breeding fields was mainly caused by the continuous flooding and anaerobic state,and it was the most critical to explore the CH_(4) emission reduction measures of this mode;the middle rice field had the low greenhouse gas emission due to the rotation of paddy-upland,and could be used as the main type of rice crop with l

关 键 词：稻虾种养模式 增温潜势 温室气体强度 江汉平原 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]