基于GIS的武陵源风景区峰林顶部植物群落稳定性评价  

Plant community stability evaluation on the top of peak forest in Wulingyuan Scenic Area based on GIS

作　　者：琚玉枫 田建林 丁彬彬 曾婷 JU Yu-feng;TIAN Jian-lin;DING Bin-bin;ZENG Ting(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Jishou University,Zhangjiajie 427000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖南张家界427000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第10期51-57,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20211972994);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20211059)。

摘　　要：以武陵源风景区3000余座峰林为研究对象,基于遥感影像解译和野外调查数据,从自然环境、群落结构功能和人为干扰3个方面选取17个指标构建植物群落稳定性评价指标体系,利用层次分析法和等间距法确立指标权重,使用ArcGIS进行加权叠加,将植物群落稳定性从高到低分为Ⅴ、Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ共5个等级,对植物群落稳定性进行评价与制图,分析不同稳定性植物群落的空间分布情况及原因。结果表明,Ⅴ、Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ级的峰林所在区域面积分别为14.37、17.16、16.26、13.74、6.25 km^(2),占比依次为21.2%、25.3%、24.0%、20.3%、9.2%。植物群落稳定性空间分布呈东高西低、南高北低的格局特征;峰林顶部植物群落较稳定,仍有近1/3区域,其峰林顶部植物群落存在退化风险;群落稳定性是自然因素和人为干扰等因素综合作用的结果,在影响植物群落稳定性的因子中,相较于群落结构功能因子,自然环境和人为干扰因素的作用更强。Taking more than 3000 peak forests in Wulingyuan Scenic Area as the object,based on remote sensing image interpretation and field survey data,the 17 indexes including three aspects of natural environment,community structural function and human disturbance were selected to construct the evaluation index system of plant community stability.Analytic hierarchy process and equaldistance method were used to determine the index weight,ArcGIS was used for weighted stacking,and the plant community stability was divided into five grades from high to low,namely Ⅴ,Ⅳ,Ⅲ,Ⅱ and Ⅰ.Based on this,plant community stability was evaluated and mapped,and the spatial distribution and causes of plant communities with different degrees of stability were analyzed.The results showed the areas occupied by peaks of Ⅴ,Ⅳ,Ⅲ,Ⅱ and Ⅰ were 14.37 km^(2),17.16 km^(2),16.26 km^(2),13.74 km^(2) and 6.25 km^(2),respectively,accounting for 21.2%,25.3%,24.0%,20.3% and 9.2%.The spatial distribution of plant community stability was high in the east and the south,low in the west and the north;the plant community was relatively stable in Wulingyuan Scenic Area,and nearly one third of the area was still at risk of degradation of the plant community at the top of peaks.Community stability was the result of the combined effects of natural environment and human disturbance.Among the factors that affected the stability of plant communities,the natural environment and human disturbance were stronger than the structural and functional factors of community.

关 键 词：植物群落 稳定性 层次分析法 空间分布特征 武陵源风景区 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]