额敏县新疆野苹果种群土壤种子库空间分布特征  

Spatial distribution characteristics of soil seed bank of Malus sieversii population in Emin County

作　　者：于婷[1] 胡晓静 邢皓文 YU Ting;HU Xiao-jing;XING Hao-wen(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2023年第10期119-123,177,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区基金项目“准噶尔西部山地(额敏)野果林群落保育与更新复壮研究示范项目”子项目(2220LCTXM)。

摘　　要：采用野外调查法,对额敏县新疆野苹果种群不同生境、不同方向的土壤种子库水平及种子萌发特征进行分析,分析额敏县新疆野苹果种群土壤种子库空间分布格局,以期探究新疆野苹果幼苗更新制约因素及机制。结果表明,新疆野苹果土壤种子库总密度平均值为10.20粒/m^(2)。土壤中不同存留情况的种子数量有较大差异,表现为腐烂种子>空粒种子>完整种子。完整种子萌发率较低。不同生境中种子储量差异不显著,表现为阳坡>阴坡>谷底。在垂直空间中,随土层深度增加种子数量逐渐减少,在不同生境中垂直方向上土壤种子库密度变化不大。大部分种子落入枯枝落叶层,而枯枝落叶层会阻碍种子与土壤接触萌发,扰动地表枯枝落叶层有助于新疆野苹果种子进入土壤与萌发。土壤种子库更新不良可能是新疆野苹果实生苗数量稀少、种群繁殖难以为继的原因。The field investigation method was used to analyze the soil seed bank level and seed germination characteristics of Malus sieversii population in different habitats and different directions in Emin County,and to understand the spatial distribution pattern of Malus sieversii soil seed bank in Emin County,in order to explore the restrictive factors and mechanism of seedling regeneration of Malus sieversii.The results showed that,the average total density of the soil seed bank of Malus sieversii was 10.20 grains/m^(2).There were great differences in the number of seeds with different retention conditions in the soil,which was rotten seed>empty seed>intact seed.The germination rate of intact seeds was low.There was no significant difference in seed storage among different habitats,which showed as follows:sunny slope>shady slope>valley bottom.In vertical space,the number of seeds decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the density of the soil seed bank changed little in different habitats.Most of the seeds fell into the litter layer,and the litter layer would hinder the seed contact with the soil and germination.Disturbing the surface litter layer was helpful for Malus sieversii seeds to enter the soil and germinate.The poor renewal of the soil seed bank might be the reason why the number of seedlings of Malus sieversii was rare and the reproduction of the population was difficult to sustain.

关 键 词：新疆野苹果 土壤种子库 空间分布 

分 类 号：S666.1[农业科学—果树学] S718.5[农业科学—园艺学]