焚烧炉-余热锅炉系统不同负荷下运行能效与分析  

Energy Efficiency and Analysis of Incinerator-Waste Heat Boiler under Different Loads

作　　者：陈嵩涛 朱德力[1] 刘军 张庚 赵宁波 CHEN Songtao;ZHU Deli;LIU Jun;ZHANG Geng;ZHAO Ningbo(Xi’an Thermal power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou Branch,Suzhou 215010,China;School of Electric Power,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司苏州分公司,江苏苏州215010 [2]华北水利水电大学电力学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《锅炉技术》2023年第5期61-65,76,共6页Boiler Technology

基　　金：国家电力投资集团有限公司科技项目(2020-008-ZGDL-KJ-X)。

摘　　要：针对现役垃圾焚烧发电机组效率低、能耗大的技术难题,现场测试不同负荷下机组主要运行参数,定量分析不同负荷下焚烧炉余热锅炉能效及热损失分布,根据不同负荷下能效计算结果分析机组存在问题的根本原因。结果表明:100%最大连续出力(MCR)、85%MCR及75%MCR负荷下,焚烧炉余热锅炉效率均较低,分别为77.44%、76.85%及76.59%,造成焚烧炉余热锅炉效率偏低的主要原因为排烟温度过高,导致排烟热损失较大。100%MCR、85%MCR及75%MCR负荷下,系统总热量中排烟热损失所占比例分别为19.12%、19.68%、19.76%。针对排烟温度过高的问题,现场测试机组尾部换热设备性能,结果表明:由于机组运行年限较长,机组尾部换热设备换热性能变差。不同负荷下过热器的余热利用率仅为34.91%~37.84%,100%负荷下,实测过热器的余热利用率比设计值低4.58%,实测省煤器的余热利用率较设计值低12.64%。研究结果对焚烧炉余热锅炉系统运行优化及尾部换热设备的改造具有参考意义。In light of the technical problems of low efficiency and large energy consumption of the waste incineration power generation unit in service,the main operation parameters of the unit under different loads were tested on site,the efficiency of the incinerator-waste heat boilers and the heat loss were calculated quantitatively,and the root cause of unit's problems was analyzed according to energy efficiency analysis.The results show that the tested efficiencies of incinerator-waste heat boiler under the loads of 1o0%maximum continuous rating(MCR),85%MCR and 75%MCR are low,which are 77.44%、76.85%and 76.59%respectively.The main reason for the low efficiency of incinerator-waste heat boiler is that the flue gas temperature is too high,resulting that the heat loss due to exhaust gas is too large.The proportion of heat loss from exhaust gas in the total energy of the system is 19.12%,19.68%and 19.76%,respectively.In light of the high exhaust gas temperature,the performance of the tail heat exchanger of the unit was tested on site,and the results show that the heat exchange performance of the tail heat exchanger is poor,due to the long operating life of the unit.The waste heat utilization rate of the superheater is only 34.91%~37.84%under different loads.The measured waste heat utilization rate of superheater is 4.58%lower than the design value under 100%load,and the measured waste heat utilization rate of economizer is 12.64%lower than the design value.The research results have important reference significance for the operation optimization and tail equipment retrofitting of the incinerator-waste heat boiler system.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧 焚烧炉余热锅炉 运行性能 能效分析 不同负荷 

分 类 号：TK224[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]