六盘山地区大气加权平均温度本地化模型研究  

Study on Localization Model of Atmospheric Weighted Average Temperature in Liupanshan Region

作　　者：舒志亮[1,2,3] 桑建人 刘士军[4] 林彤 Shu Zhiliang;Sang Jianren;Liu Shijun;Lin Tong(Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center,Yinchuan 750002,China;College of Electronic Engineering of Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Wuhai Meteorological Bureau,Inner Mongolia,Wuhai 0160000,China;Ningxia Weather Modification Center,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏气象灾害防御技术中心,宁夏银川750002 [3]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,四川成都610225 [4]内蒙古乌海市气象局,内蒙古乌海016000 [5]宁夏人工影响天气中心,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期289-294,共6页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2023AAC03802);第二次青藏高原科学考察研究基金资助项目(2019QZKK0104);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42075073)。

摘　　要：大气中的水汽含量是分析天气发展形势的重要参数,而加权平均温度与水汽含量的计算精度直接相关,想要计算出精准的水汽含量,就要建立本地化的加权平均温度模型.基于六盘山地区微波辐射计和平凉探空站2019-2020年的探测资料,通过数值积分法计算加权平均温度,发现加权平均温度呈现出冬季低、夏季高和受降水影响明显的特征.由于探空站气球的探测高度约为30000 m,而微波辐射计的探测高度固定在10000 m以内,同时受水汽压权重的影响,计算出的加权平均温度的最大值、最小值和平均值分别出现20.0,24.8,23.4 K的差值.通过最小二乘法分别建立基于探空站和微波辐射计资料的加权平均温度模型,并对比实测资料,对两种模型及全球通用的Bevis模型进行精度验证.结果表明,在计算整层大气中的水汽含量时,基于探空站资料的本地化模型的结果更精确;计算10000 m以内水汽含量时,基于微波辐射计资料的本地化模型更加适用.由于自然界绝大部分的降水是由10000 m以内的水汽转化形成,基于微波辐射计的本地化模型对水汽-降水转换效率的研究更有意义.The atmospheric water vapor content is an important parameter for analyzing the weather development,and the weighted average temperature is directly related to the calculation accuracy of the atmospheric water vapor content.To get the accurate atmospheric water vapor content,it is necessary to establish a localized weighted average temperature model.Based on the detection data of microwave radiometer and Pingliang sounding station in Liupanshan area from 2019 to 2020,the weighted average temperature is calculated by numerical integration method.The value is low in winter,high in summer and obviously affected by precipitation.Since the detection height of the balloon at the radiosonde station is about 30000 m,while the detection height of the microwave radiometer is fixed within 10000 m,and is affected by the weight of the water vapor pressure,the calculated maximum,minimum and average values of the weighted average temperature are 20.0,24.8 and 23.4 K,respectively.The weighted average temperature models based on sounding data and microwave radiometer are established by the least square method,and the accuracy of the two models and the global Bevis model is verified by the measured data.The results show that the localization model based on sounding data is more accurate in calculating the water vapor content of the whole atmosphere.The localized model based on microwave radiometer is more suitable for calculating water vapor content within 10000 m.Since most of the precipitation in nature is formed by the conversion of water vapor within 10000 m,the localized model based on microwave radiometer is more meaningful for the study of water vapor-precipitation conversion efficiency.

关 键 词：六盘山区 加权平均温度 微波辐射计 Bevis模型 

分 类 号：P412.23[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]