湿法炼锌硫酸锌液体除氯实验研究  

Experimental Study on Liquid Dechlorination of Zinc Sulfate in Zinc Hydrometallurgy

作　　者：张志刚[1] 杜虎忠 弥晓红 魏艳 ZHANG Zhigang;DU Huzhong;MI Xiaohong;WEI Yan

机构地区：[1]白银有色集团股份有限公司西北铅锌冶炼厂,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2023年第5期38-41,47,共5页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：湿法炼锌系统中氯离子含量较高时,会对湿法设备及电解过程中的阳极板造成一定的腐蚀,同时电解液中铅含量升高会导致析出的阴极锌铅超标,从而降低锌品级率,影响企业的正常生产和经济效益。本文采用湿法炼锌过程中自产铜渣对中性浸出液及电解废液分别进行除氯研究,并对除氯渣进行碱洗,实现除氯渣的资源综合利用,确定最佳工艺控制条件。实验表明,中性浸出液除氯最佳条件为初始pH值1.5,温度55~65℃,反应时间2.0 h,铜渣用量为理论量的4.0倍,此时氯离子脱除率达80%以上;除氯渣碱洗氢氧化钠用量为除氯渣中氯离子含量理论值的2.0倍时,碱洗的氯脱除率达85%左右;电解废液除氯最佳控制参数为温度30~40℃,反应时间1.0 h,铜渣用量为理论量的3.0倍,此时氯离子脱除率达80%以上;除氯渣碱洗氢氧化钠用量为除氯渣中氯离子含量理论值的2.5倍时,碱洗的氯脱除率达到80%左右。When the chloride ion content in the zinc hydrometallurgy system is high,it will cause certain corrosion to equipments and anode plates in the electrolysis process.At the same time,the increase of lead content in the electrolyte will lead to the precipitation of cathode zinc and lead exceeding the standard,thereby reducing the zinc grade rate and affecting the normal production and economic benefits of the enterprise.In this paper,the self-produced copper slag in the process of zinc hydrometallurgy was used to study the dechlorination of neutral leaching solution and electrolytic waste liquid respectively,and the dechlorination slag was washed with alkali to realize the comprehensive utilization of dechlorination slag resources and determine the best process control conditions.The results showed that the optimum conditions for chloride removal from neutral leaching solution were as follows:initial pH value of 1.5,temperature of 55-65℃,reaction time of 2.0 h,and the amount of copper slag was 4.0 times of the theoretical amount.Under these conditions,the removal rate of chloride ions was more than 80%.When the amount of sodium hydroxide used for alkali washing of dechlorination slag is 2.0 times of the theoretical value of chloride ion content in dechlorination slag,the chlorine removal rate of alkali washing was about 85%.The optimum control parameters of chlorine removal from electrolytic waste liquid were as follows:temperature 30-40℃,reaction time 1.0 h,copper slag dosage 3.0 times of the theoretical amount.Under these conditions,the removal rate of chloride ion can reach more than 80%.When the amount of sodium hydroxide used for alkali washing of dechlorination slag was 2.5 times the theoretical value of chloride ion content in dechlorination slag,the chlorine removal rate of alkali washing reached about 80%.

关 键 词：湿法炼锌 铜渣 除氯 中性浸出液 电解废液 碱洗 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]