490例药品不良反应报告的临床分析  

Analysis and discussion of 490 adverse drug reaction reports of a hospital

作　　者：王馨 陈醒 王兴东 吴波 骆雨璇 WANG Xin;CHEN Xing;WANG Xingdong;WU Bo;LUO Yuxuan(The Seventh is Stationed in the Outpatient Department,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,PLA,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu,China;Wuxi Joint Logistics Supporting Center Supervision And Inspection Station for Drug And Instrument Nanjing,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu,China;Department of Pharmacy,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,PLA,Nanjing 210002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]东部战区总医院第七派驻门诊部,南京210000 [2]无锡联勤保障中心药品仪器监督检验站,南京210000 [3]东部战区总医院药剂科,南京210002

出　　处：《医学研究与战创伤救治》2023年第6期623-627,共5页Journal of Medical Research & Combat Trauma Care

摘　　要：目的分析某院2020-2021年490例药品不良反应(ADR)的规律和特点,探索影响ADR的要素和产生的原因,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用回顾性方法,对490例ADR报告来源、患者的性别与年龄、给药途径、药品种类、累及器官和/或系统及临床表现进行统计,用帕累托图法找出引发ADR的主要药品种类分布、主要累及器官和/或系统,并对严重不良反应进行分析。结果一般的ADR为478例(占97.6%),严重ADR为12例(占2.4%),70岁以上患者所占比例最大(110例,占33.47%),由静脉滴注引发的ADR居多(占比44.90%),帕累托图分析显示ADR主要因素(A类)药品为抗感染药物、心血管系统用药等,临床表现以胃肠系统损害(242例,30.99%)和皮肤及皮肤附件(128例,18.10%)为主。结论ADR发生与多种因素有关,应关注特殊患者的用药监护,充分发挥临床药师在ADR监测中的作用,减少ADR的发生,促进临床合理用药。Objective To analyze the regularity and characteristics of 490 cases of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital from 2020 to 2021,explore the factors that affect ADR and the causes of them,and provide a reference for clinical rational drug use.Methods Retrospective method was used to extract the information patient's gender and age,route of administration,drug type,organ and/or system and clinical manifestations,etc.The Pareto chart method was used to find out the distribution of the main drugs that caused ADR,the main organs and/or systems involved,and analyze the serious adverse reactions.Results Among the 490 cases,the general ADR was 478 cases(97.6%),while severe ADR was 12(2.4%).The most proportion of patients was over 70 years of age(110,33.47%).The majority of ADR caused by intravenous drip(44.90%).Pareto chart analysis showed that the main factors of ADR(Class A)drugs were anti-infective drugs,cardiovascular drugs,blood drugs,etc.The clinical manifestations were mainly gastrointestinal damage(242 cases,30.99%)and skin and skin accessories(128 cases,18.10%).Conclusion The occurrence of ADR is related to many factors.We should pay attention to the medication monitoring of special patients and play the role of clinical pharmacists in ADP monitoring in order to reduce the occurrence of ADR and promote rational drug use in the clinic.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 帕累托图 抗感染药物 系统损害 合理用药 

分 类 号：R961[医药卫生—药理学]