生境破碎化下捕食者扩散方式对种群的影响  

Effects of Predator Diffusion Patterns on Population under Habitat Fragmentation

作　　者：张荣 岳芹 ZHANG Rong;YUE Qin(School of Finance and Mathematics,West Anhui University,Lu an 237012,China)

机构地区：[1]皖西学院金融与数学学院,安徽六安237012

出　　处：《皖西学院学报》2023年第5期50-54,共5页Journal of West Anhui University

基　　金：2023年度安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(2023AH052740);2021年度皖西学院校级自然科学研究青年项目(WXZR202125);2022年度皖西学院校级重点项目(WXSK202266)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：物种的扩散方式能够影响种群的续存。为了研究在空间作用下的食物网中捕食者物种扩散方式对种群续存的影响,基于偶对近似模型建立了集合种群模型,利用MATLAB软件对种群生存状态进行了数值模拟,而后通过对比在不同的捕食者扩散方式下物种共存的区域,研究了竞争优势捕食者和竞争劣势捕食者的不同扩散方式影响种群的动态变化。结果表明:空间作用下资源单独生存的区域大于非空间作用下资源单独生存的区域;两捕食者种群均为局部扩散时食饵单独生存的区域大于两捕食者种群均为全局扩散时食饵单独生存的区域;当竞争劣势捕食者为全局扩散,竞争优势捕食者为局部扩散时,四个物种的共存区域明显增大。研究内容为利用物种扩散改变共存提供了参考,为解释一些生态学现象、保护珍稀物种提供了理论依据。The diffusion mode of species can affect the survival of the population.In order to study the impact of the predator species diffusion mode on the survival of the population in the food web under the action of space,this paper establishes a meta-population model based on the even pair approximation model,uses MATLAB software to simulate the survival state of the population,and then compares the areas where species coexist under different predator diffusion modes,The effects of different diffusion modes of competitive advantage predators and competitive disadvantage predators on population dynamics were studied.The results show that the area where resources exist alone under the action of space is larger than the area where resources exist alone under the action of non space;when both predator populations are locally dispersed,the area where the prey lives alone is larger than that when both predator populations are fully dispersed;when the competitive inferior predator is global diffusion and the competitive superior predator is local diffusion,the coexistence area of the four species increases significantly.The research content provides a reference for the use of species diffusion,change and coexistence,and provides a theoretical basis for explaining some ecological phenomena and protecting rare species.

关 键 词：物种扩散 竞争优势 共存区域 

分 类 号：Q145.1[生物学—生态学]