气井钻井液喷空后的压井方法研究  

Killing ways in case of mud blowdown

作　　者：吴会胜 晏琰 晏凌 WU Huisheng;YAN Yan;YAN Ling(CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;Shale Gas Exploration and Development Department,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司,四川成都610051 [2]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司页岩气勘探开发项目经理部,四川成都610051

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2023年第5期21-25,68,共6页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

摘　　要：为了确保气井溢流钻井液喷空后成功处置,需认真分析井况和关键压力参数,制订压井方案。以压井液密度确定、压井方式选择、压井注意事项等方面为研究对象,分析了不同井况的压井方法。研究结果表明:①气井钻井液喷空后,可以根据关井或放喷压力,结合地层资料,确定压井液密度;②具备关井条件时,压回法、置换法和正循环压井法是行之有效的压井手段;③不具备关井条件时,可根据气产量和井口压力情况选择循环压井或打救援井压井。结论认为:①气井钻井液喷空后,应尽快确定压井液密度和压井方式;②压井作业前,应储备充足的物资和器具,保证压井连续施工;③压井过程中,应加强压力监测,防止管线冰冻、堵塞、断裂等,做好防人员中毒、环境污染等工作,避免次生事故发生;④救援井要严格控制井眼轨迹,同时必须确保上部套管固井质量,为压井施工创造优质条件。For purpose of the successful treatment after mud blowdown in gas wells,well conditions and key pressure parameters need to be analyzed carefully to make a killing plan.So,taken the determination of killing-fluid density,selection of killing patterns,and consideration in killing as objectives,several killing ways were explored under different well conditions.Results show that(i)after mud blowdown,the killing-fluid density can be determined according to both shut-in or bleed-off pressure and formation data;(ii)three ways such as bullheading,displacement,and normal circulating killing can be effective when the conditions are allowable for shut in;and(iii)dependent upon gas production and wellhead pressure,circulating killing or killing of rescue wells can be employed when the conditions are not allowable for shut in.It is concluded that(i)in case of mud blowdown,the killing-fluid density and killing ways should be determined as early as possible;(ii)adequate supply and facilities should be reserved before killing practice in order to secure a normal operation;(iii)pressure should be monitored during killing and measures should be taken to prevent pipes from freezing,blocking and breaking,and protective measures should be kept in place against personal poisoning,environmental pollution or secondary hazards;and(iv)for relief wells,their trajectory should be controlled strictly,and the quality of casing cementing in the upper part should be guaranteed to create better killing conditions.

关 键 词：钻井液 喷空 压井 压井液密度 压井方法 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]