精密磨床电主轴静压滑动轴承的设计和优化研究  

Design and optimization of hydrostatic plain bearing for precision grinding machine motorized spindle

作　　者：韩少燕 曹阳 贾谦 韩海燕[1,2] 李晓 HAN Shaoyan;CAO Yang;JIA Qian;HAN Haiyan;LI Xiao(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University City College,Xi’an 710018,CHN;Engineering Research Center of Robot and Intelligent Manufacturing,Universities of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710018,CHN;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,CHN;Xi’an Jinghui Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710049,CHN)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系,陕西西安710018 [2]机器人与智能制造陕西省高校工程研究中心,陕西西安710018 [3]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器学院,陕西西安710048 [4]西安景辉信息科技有限公司,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2023年第11期180-185,共6页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：2022年陕西省教育厅研究计划项目(22JK0446)。

摘　　要：针对磨削精度的提升问题,对精密磨床电主轴静压支撑轴承进行设计和优化。设计的静压轴承为四油腔结构,节流方式为小孔节流,主要的设计参数包括节流比、半径间隙、回油槽宽度和封油面宽度等。建立了小孔节流静压滑动轴承的刚度计算模型,分析了节流比、半径间隙、回油槽宽度和封油面宽度对静压轴承支撑刚度的影响。采用正交实验的方法对轴承的节流比、半径间隙、回油槽宽度和封油面宽度进行优化设计,并通过极差分析获得以上四项参数对轴承刚度影响的主次顺序,从而获得最优的参数组合。研究结果表明:为半径间隙0.04mm,小孔节流比为1.8,回油槽宽度为12mm,封油面宽度为20mm,此时轴承的油膜刚度为最大值。文章的研究成果可为提升高精密加工机床的精度提供参考。In order to improve the grinding accuracy,the design and optimization of hydrostatic bearing of motorized spindle were studied from the point of view of motorized spindle.The hydrostatic plain bearing is designed with four oil chamber structure and orifice throttling mode.The main design parameters include throttling ratio,radius clearance,return groove width and sealing surface width.The stiffness calculation model of the small-orifice throttling hydrostatic bearing was established,and the influences of throttling ratio,radius clearance,return groove width and sealing surface width on the support stiffness of the hydrostatic bearing were analyzed.Orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the design of bearing throttling ratio,radius clearance,return groove width and sealing surface width,and the primary and secondary order of influence of the above four parameters on bearing stiffness was obtained through range analysis,so as to obtain the optimal parameter combination.The results show that when the radius clearance is 0.04 mm,the orifice throttling ratio is 1.8,the width of the oil return groove is 12 mm,and the width of the oil sealing surface is 20 mm,the bearing oil film stiffness is the maximum.The research results of this paper can provide reference for improving the precision of high precision machining machine tools.

关 键 词：电主轴 静压滑动轴承 支撑刚度 正交实验 

分 类 号：TH133.31[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]