地浸铀矿山地下水修复技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Groundwater Remediation Technology at In-situ Leaching Uranium Mines

作　　者：孟童 杨冰 连国玺 张昊岩 MENG Tong;YANG Bing;LIAN Guoxi;ZHANG Haoyan(The Fourth Research and Design Engineering Corporation,CNNC,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]中核第四研究设计工程有限公司,河北石家庄050021 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《铀矿冶》2023年第4期39-46,共8页Uranium Mining and Metallurgy

基　　金：中核集团集中研发项目(中核科发[2021]144号)。

摘　　要：原地浸出采铀工艺已被广泛应用于砂岩型铀矿的开采,地浸采铀过程对地下水环境的影响一直受到社会各界广泛关注。笔者总结了地浸铀矿山地下水修复技术的研究方向及研究进展,对国内外地浸铀矿山地下水场地修复案例所采用的技术及修复效果进行了分析。结果表明,抽出—处理技术具有修复效率高,修复周期短等优势,但其修复成本高,修复后期因含水层固相介质中污染物的持续释放而出现修复反弹和拖尾等问题;自然衰减技术的优点是修复效果显著,对放射性及非放射性元素均有效果,但存在修复周期长,修复效果需进行长期监测等缺点。单一修复技术的应用会受到各种因素的制约,多种修复技术联合应用,在不同的修复阶段选用不同的修复技术将成为未来趋势。中国地浸铀矿山地下水修复可考虑抽出—处理技术和自然衰减技术相结合的修复方案。In-situ leaching uranium technologies has been widely used in the mining of sandstone uranium mines,and the potential environmental impact of in-situ leaching process on groundwater has always attracted wide attention from societies.This author summarized the progress of experimental researches on groundwater remediation technology at in-situ leaching uranium mines and analyzed the remediation technologies and effects of groundwater remediation cases on in-situ leaching uranium mines worldwide.The results show that the pump and treat technology with high restoration efficiency and short cycle repaired costly,and the continuous release of pollutants in the aquifer solid medium can lead to restoration rebound and tailing in the late restoration period.The natural attenuation technology has remarkable repair effect on both radioactive and non-radioactive elements.However,long remediation period and long-term monitoring of repair effect limited its applications.Therefore,the application of a single repair technology can be restricted by various factors,combining multiple remediation technologies,and different technologies in different repair stages will be applied in future.Combining the pump and treat technology and the natural attenuation technology can be considered as a groundwater remediation scheme in China.

关 键 词：原地浸出采铀 地下水修复 自然衰减技术 抽出处理技术 地下水环境影响 

分 类 号：TD868[矿业工程—金属矿开采] X523[矿业工程—矿山开采]