2021年浙江省火车站及长途汽车站控烟暗访调查分析  

Undercover investigation on tobacco control implementation at railway stations and long-distance bus stations in Zhejiang province,2021

作　　者：吕巧红[1] 吴青青[1] 张雪海[1] 徐水洋[1] 徐越[1] 黄玉[1] 胡秀静 LÜQiaohong;WU Qingqing;ZHANG Xuehai;XU Shuiyang;XU Yue;HUANG Yu;HU Xiujing(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310058

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2023年第4期214-217,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：浙江省卫生健康科技计划(编号:2021KY626)。

摘　　要：目的通过暗访调查,评估浙江省火车站及长途汽车站无烟环境创建情况,为持续开展控烟工作提供科学依据。方法采取隐秘拍摄、填写问卷的方式对浙江省火车站及长途汽车站开展暗访,从环境指标和吸烟状况指标两个方面评估无烟环境创建情况。结果2021年共暗访浙江省内火车站50家、长途汽车站82家,所有车站控烟评估得分M(P25,P75)为80.33(65.98,88.52),长途汽车站明显高于火车站(Z=4.687,P<0.05)。环境指标综合得分M(P25,P75)为38.00(32.00,44.00)分,长途汽车站在综合得分(Z=5.747)、入口禁烟提示(Z=6.299)、宣传材料设置(Z=3.885)、室外吸烟区设置(Z=3.739)均明显高于火车站(P均<0.05)。55家(41.67%)车站按要求设置入口禁烟提示,92家(69.70%)车站按要求张贴了禁烟标识,104家(78.79%)车站有控烟监督员,25家(18.94%)车站设置2种及以上宣传材料,59家(53.64%),非全面禁烟车站设置了室外吸烟区。吸烟状况指标综合得分M(P25,P75)为45.71(32.00,48.00)分,长途汽车站得分明显高于火车站(Z=2.374,P<0.05)。63家(47.73%)车站在室内发现烟头,28家(21.21%)车站内发现吸烟现象,所有吸烟行为均未被劝阻。结论浙江省火车站及长途汽车站控烟工作取得一定成效,但仍需加强宣传,营造全社会参与支持氛围;强化责任,有效落实各项禁烟措施;加强立法与督导,推进全面无烟环境建设。Objective To evaluate the establishment status of smoke-free environments at railway stations and longdistance bus stations in Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific basis for continuous tobacco control implementation.Methods An undercover investigation was carried out at railway stations and long-distance bus stations with making video and marking record.The scores of smoke-free environment and smoking status were analyzed to evaluate the implementation of tobacco control.Results Totally,50 railway stations and 82 long-distance bus stations were investigated.The median evaluation score[M(P25,P75)]of smoking control for all stations was 80.33(65.98,88.52).The average score in longdistance bus stations was significantly higher than that in railway stations(Z=4.687,P<0.05).The median comprehensive score of environmental indicators[M(P25,P75)]was 38.00(32.00,44.00)points,and the scores of comprehensive scores(Z=5.747),entrance smoking prohibition notices(Z=6.299),promotional materials(Z=3.885),and outdoor smoking areas in long-distance bus stations(Z=3.739)were significantly higher than those in train stations(All P<0.05).55 stations(41.67%)provided smoke-free tips at the entrance as required.92 stations(69.70%)posted No Smoking signs as required.104 stations(78.79%)had tobacco control supervisors.Two anti-smoking materials were provided for the visitors in 18.94%of all stations.29 stations(53.64%)set up outdoor smoking areas.The median comprehensive score of smoking status indicators[M(P25,P75)]was 45.71(32.00,48.00)points,and the score of long-distance bus stations was significantly higher than that of train stations(Z=2.374,P<0.05).Cigarette butts were found in 63 stations(47.73%),and indoor smoking was found in 28 stations(21.21%).Conclusions The implementation of tobacco control in railway stations and long-distance bus stations in Zhejiang province has achieved,but it still needs to strengthen publicity and create an atmosphere of participation and support of the whole society.It is necessary to strengthe

关 键 词：控烟 暗访 火车站 长途汽车站 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]