2018—2021年北京市西城区0~1岁儿童神经心理发育迟缓筛查情况分析  

Prevalence of neuropsychological developmental delay among infants aged 0-1 year old in Xicheng district of Beijing,2018-2021

作　　者：张伯昕 雷伊萌 ZHANG Boxin;LEI Yimeng(Xicheng District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区妇幼保健院,100054

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2023年第4期221-224,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2021年北京市西城区0~1岁儿童发育迟缓筛查及检出情况。方法收集北京市西城区7家社区卫生服务中心2018—2021年月报表、0~1岁儿童神经心理发育迟缓监测年报表和确诊个案,对其中数据进行分析。结果2018—2021年北京市西城区0~1岁高危儿童发生率有随时间增长的趋势(χ^(2)=53.762,P<0.001),高危儿童发育迟缓检出率高于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.799,P<0.001),早产(χ^(2)=47.086,P<0.001)、低出生体重(χ^(2)=98.103,P<0.001)、窒息缺氧(χ^(2)=7.225,P=0.007)、母亲患妊高症的儿童(χ^(2)=5.761,P=0.016)发育迟缓检出率高于非早产、非低出生体重、非窒息缺氧、母亲无妊高症的儿童,差异有统计学意义。在发育迟缓确诊病例中,边缘状态和轻度发育迟缓占77.42%,中重度发育迟缓占6.46%。结论应加强高危儿童管理,特别关注早产、低出生体重、窒息缺氧、母亲患妊高症儿童的发育状况。对于确诊的发育迟缓儿童进行康复治疗。加强孕产期保健,降低高危儿童的发生率。Objective To understand the prevalence of developmental delay by screening data among infant aged 0-1 year old in Xicheng district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021.Methods The data of monthly reports and annual monitoring reports of neuropsychological developmental delay among children aged 0-1 year old from 2018 to 2021 in Xicheng district of Beijing were collected,and the positive and confirmed cases of screening were analyzed.Results From 2018 to 2021,the incidence rates of high-risk infants for children aged 0-1 year old in Xicheng district showed a trend of increasing with time(χ^(2)=53.762,P<0.001).The detection rate of high-risk infants with development delay was higher than that of normal infants with the statistical difference(χ^(2)=10.799,P<0.001).The detection rate developmental delay of children with premature birth(χ^(2)=47.086,P<0.001),low birth weight(χ^(2)=98.103,P<0.001),asphyxia and hypoxia(χ^(2)=7.225,P=0.007),pregnancy induced hypertension(χ^(2)=5.761,P=0.016)were higher than that of children who are not premature,not low birth weight,not asphyxia or hypoxic,and whose mothers have no pregnacy included hypertension,and the differences are statistically significant.Among the confirmed cases of development delay,marginal status and mild stunting accounted for 77.42%,and moderate and severe stunting accounted for 6.46%.Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the management of high-risk infants,provide rehabilitation treatment for children with confirmed growth retardation,and strengthen prenatal care for reducing the incidence of high-risk infants.

关 键 词：神经心理 发育迟缓 高危儿童 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]