从吸纳式欧洲化到睦邻式欧洲化:欧盟周边安全治理的理念、方式与挑战  

From Absorptive Europeanization to Good Neighborly Europeanization:The Concept,Methods,and Challenges of EU Neighborhood Security Governance

作　　者：赵光锐 Wang Zizhu;Zhao Guangrui

机构地区：[1]南京大学国际关系学院,210033

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2023年第4期60-80,6,7,共23页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：欧盟周边安全治理经历了吸纳式欧洲化和睦邻式欧洲化两个阶段,前者较好解决了欧盟扩大化时期的周边安全问题,后者的实施效果却不理想。近十几年来,欧盟的周边安全治理激进化,将价值观和制度标准放在首位,追随美国在北非、中东、乌克兰等制造或支持“颜色革命”,甚至诉诸武力推翻既有政权,但结果是周边安全环境不断恶化。当前,欧盟周边安全治理面临的主要挑战包括环绕南部和东部的不安全地带的出现、欧俄共同周边的动荡和战略对抗的长期化、内部安全遭遇冲击及安全治理能力不足。欧盟周边安全恶化的原因不能完全归结于其自身,但误入歧途的安全治理方式是原因之一,在政治心理上未能实现集体边界的真正闭合则是更深层的根源。摆脱对欧洲化路径的依赖,实现集体边界的闭合,把安全与稳定利益放在周边政策首位,欧盟才能逐步稳定失序的周边地带,最终巩固一体化带来的内部“永久和平”成果。The EU neighborhood security governance has gone through two major phases:absorptive Europeanization and good neighborly Europeanization.The former successfully solved neighborhood security issues during EU's enlargement period,while the latter has encountered serious obstacles.Over the past decade,the EU neighborhood security governance has prioritized values and political system standards,followed the United States to stir up or support"color revolution"in North Africa,the Middle East,Ukraine,and even resorted to force to overthrow existing regimes.However,Europe'ssecurity environment has deteriorated during the past decade.At present,the main challenges to EU neighborhood security governance include the emergence of unsafe zones surrounding southern and eastern Europe,the instability and long-term strategic EU-Russian confrontation,internal security challenges,and insufficient security governance capabilities.The reason for the deterioration of security around the EU cannot be entirely attributed to itself.While the misguided security governance approach is key,the root cause lies in EU's political psychologyits failure to close collective borders.Only by breaking from dependence on the path of Europeanization,achieving the closure of collective borders,and prioritizing security and stability interests in neighborhood policies,can the EU gradually stabilize the disorderly surrounding areas and ultimately consolidate the internal"permanent peace"brought about by integration.

关 键 词：地区与国别政治 欧盟 俄罗斯 周边安全 集体边界 安全治理 欧洲一体化 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]