中国农村孕妇生命质量现状及影响因素研究  

Maternal Quality of Life and Influencing Factors in Rural China

作　　者：孙宇馨 湛浩然 阿依夏姆·克依木 徐婷婷 SUN Yuxin;ZHAN Haoran;AYIXIAMU·Keyimu;XU Tingting(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京市100069

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2024年第6期656-662,678,共8页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72204172)。

摘　　要：背景妇幼健康发展需要缩小妇女儿童健康水平的城乡、区域、群体差距,聚焦农村等低收入地区孕妇生命质量对改善妇幼健康不平等具有重要意义。目的分析中国农村孕妇妊娠期生命质量现状及其影响因素。方法选取2018年9月—2019年9月就诊于陕西省、四川省和云南省6家县级医疗机构(昭阳区人民医院、彝良县人民医院、平昌县妇幼保健院、营山县妇幼保健院、紫阳县妇幼保健院、汉阴县妇幼保健院)3329名孕妇作为研究对象,采集孕妇的基本信息。采用世界卫生组织生命质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)调查孕妇生命质量。采用多元线性回归分析探究孕妇生命质量各维度得分的影响因素。结果共纳入3294份问卷,有效回收率为98.94%。孕妇WHOQOLBREF平均维度总得分为(81.99±11.01)分,4个维度中社会关系维度的得分最高[(69.13±12.46)分],其次为心理维度得分[(66.99±12.59)分]、生理维度得分[(65.40±12.62)分]、环境维度得分[(65.02±12.11)分]。分层比较结果显示,不同年龄、年总收入、居住地、受教育程度、职业孕妇的生理维度、心理维度、社会关系维度、环境维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同孕前BMI孕妇心理维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同妊娠期增重孕妇心理维度、环境维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同医疗保险类型孕妇心理维度、社会关系维度、环境维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经产妇环境维度得分低于初产妇(P<0.05);有运动习惯孕妇生理维度、心理维度、环境维度得分高于无运动习惯孕妇(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、运动习惯、受教育程度、职业是生理维度得分的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、孕前BMI、家族史、运动习惯、受教育程度、医疗保险类型是心理维度得分的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、运动习惯是社会关系维度得分�Background The development of maternal and child health requires reducing urban-rural,regional and group disparities in the health of women and children.Focusing on the quality of life of maternal women in rural areas and other low-income areas is of great significance to improve the inequalities in maternal and child health.Objective To analyze the current situation of maternal quality of life during pregnancy and its influencing factors in rural China.Methods From September 2018 to September 2019,a total of 3329 pregnant women were selected from 6 county-level medical institutions in Shanxi Province,Sichuan Province and Yunnan Province(Zhaoyang District People's Hospital,Yiliang County People's Hospital,Pingchang County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Yingshan County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Ziyang County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,and Hanyin County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital)as the research objects to collect basic information of pregnant women.WHOQOL-BREF scale was used to investigate the quality of life of pregnant women.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of each dimension of the quality of life score.Results A total of 3294 questionnaires were included,with a valid questionnaire rate of 98.94%.The average WHOQOL-BREF score of pregnant women was(81.99±11.01)points,and the social relation score was the highest among the 4 dimensions[(69.13±12.46)points],followed by the psychological dimension score[(66.99±12.59)points],physiological dimension score[(65.40±12.62)points],environmental dimension score[(65.02±12.11)points].Stratified comparison results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of physiological dimension,psychological dimension,social relation dimension and environmental dimension among pregnant women of different ages,total annual income levels,places of residence,education levels and occupations(P<0.05).The difference was statistically significant in psychological d

关 键 词：孕妇 生命质量 世界卫生组织生命质量简表 农村卫生 影响因素分析 中国 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]