相对论重离子碰撞中的喷注淬火效应  

Jet quenching effect in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

作　　者：张善良 邢宏喜 王恩科 Zhang Shan-Liang;Xing Hong-Xi;Wang En-Ke(Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education),Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter,Institute of Quantum Matter,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science,Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学量子物质研究院,原子亚原子结构与量子调控教育部重点实验室,广东省高等学校物质结构与相互作用基础研究卓越中心,广州510006 [2]华南师范大学南方核科学计算中心,粤港量子物质联合实验室,广东省核物质科学与技术重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第20期3-15,共13页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:12147131,12035007,12022512);广东省基础与应用基础研究项目(批准号:2020B0301030008,2022A1515010683)资助的课题.

摘　　要：相对论重离子碰撞中产生了高温高密解禁闭的夸克胶子等离子体(QGP),研究QGP的性质是高能核物理目前最重要的物理目标之一.其中,应用喷注淬火作为硬探针研究QGP的性质是一个非常重要的手段.喷注淬火指的是相对论重离子碰撞中产生的高能部分子穿过QGP时,通过强相互作用导致的能量损失效应.本文主要介绍喷注淬火效应的最新研究进展,具体包含喷注淬火效应对强子、喷注和喷注子结构的介质影响,以及目前理论上面临的问题和困难.pT One of the main goals of high-energy nuclear physics is to explore the fundamental properties of quarkgluon plasma(QGP),a new state of quantum chromodynamics(QCD)matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions,in which the energetic quarks and gluons,known as fast partons,created prior to the formation of the QGP,traverse the hot-dense medium and experience strong interactions with the constituents of the medium,and eventually lead to the attenuation of jet energy.Such a novel phenomenon,referred to as jet quenching,plays an essential role in probing the transport properties of the QGP.The objective of this paper is to review some of the latest experimental and theoretical progress of jet quenching,such as medium modification on the large hadrons,full jets,and jet substructures in heavy-ion collisions,as well as the challenges in the forefront theoretical investigations.

关 键 词：相对论重离子碰撞 夸克胶子等离子体 喷注淬火 

分 类 号：O571.6[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]