MVT铅锌矿床成矿规律与找矿预测地质模型  

An Overview of the Metallogeny and Geological Prospecting Model ofMississippi Valley Type (MVT) Lead and Zinc Deposits

作　　者：韩润生[1] 张艳[1] 叶天竺[2] 陈青 任涛[1] 郭忠林 邱文龙[1] HAN Runsheng;ZHANG Yan;YE Tianzhu;CHEN Qing;REN Tao;GUO Zhonglin;QIU Wenlong(Southwest Institute of Geological Survey,Geological Survey Center for Non-ferrous Mineral Resources,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Development and Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing,100120,China;Yunnan Chihong Zn&Ge Co.Ltd.,Qujing 655011,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学有色金属矿产地质调查中心西南地质调查所,云南昆明650093 [2]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100120 [3]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南曲靖655011

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2023年第5期915-932,共18页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42172086、41572060、41802089);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AG050024);云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-157);云岭学者项目(2014);云南省矿产资源预测与评价工程研究中心项目(2012);云南省昆明理工大学创新团队项目联合资助。

摘　　要：MVT铅锌矿床和会泽型(HZT)铅锌矿床是全球最重要的铅锌矿床类型之一,其中大型矿床数量和铅锌金属储量均居于重要地位。基于勘查区找矿预测理论与方法,从“时间、空间、物质及其演化”四要素出发,厘定MVT铅锌矿床的成矿地质作用和成矿地质体,总结成矿结构面类型和矿化样式,概括成矿流体作用特征标志,并进一步揭示经典的MVT铅锌矿床“三位一体”的成矿规律:矿床产于前陆盆地地堑式构造带、不整合面上发育的溶塌角砾岩岩相组合、成矿正断层破碎带、区域性热卤水活动的“硅‒钙面”成矿结构面中。在此基础上,综合构建经典的MVT铅锌矿床找矿预测地质模型:通过前陆盆地地堑式构造带研究确定勘查区找矿方向,通过成矿结构面研究判断矿体空间位置及其产状,硅‒钙面等特征是判断矿床(体)存在的成矿流体作用标志。其勘查应用流程进一步概括为:看、查、识、厘、析、填、测、比、探、勘。该研究对同类矿床成矿规律研究和找矿预测评价具有启示意义。The Mississippi Valley type(MVT)and HZT type are the most important type of lead-zinc deposits in the world,which constitute a great many large-scale lead-zinc deposits and tremendous lead and zinc reserves.Based on the theory and method of prospecting and prediction in the exploration area,starting from the four elements of“time,space,material and its evolution”,the mineralization processes and ore-forming geological body of MVT lead-zinc deposit were delineated,the metallogenic structure surface types and mineralization patterns were summarized,the characteristics of ore-forming fluids were summarized,and the metallogeny of the classic MVT lead-zinc deposit“trinity”was further revealed.Briefly,the deposit was produced in the graben-type tectonic zone of the foreland basin,the combination of dissolved breccia facies developed on the unconformity surface,the metallogenic positive fault fracture zone,and the regional hot brine activity along the“silicon-calcium interface”.And thus,its exploration implication is further summarized as:looking,investigating,identifying,decreasing,analyzing,filling,measuring,comparing,probing and prospecting.This study has enlightenment significance for the study of metallogeny of similar ore deposits and the prediction and evaluation of prospecting targets.

关 键 词：MVT铅锌矿床 找矿预测地质模型 矿床成矿规律 成矿地质体 成矿结构面 成矿流体作用标志 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]