黔西北富锗银铅锌矿集区成矿流体运移方向及其制约因素  

Direction of Ore-forming Fluid Migration and its Controlling Factors in Ge-Ag-rich Zn-Pb Ore Concentration Area in Northwestern Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：王明志[1] 韩润生[1] 吴顺川 张艳[1] 刘飞[1] WANG Mingzhi;HAN Runsheng;WU Shunchuan;ZHANG Yan;LIU Fei(Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2023年第5期953-968,共16页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572060、42172086、41802089);云岭学者项目(2014);云南省矿产资源预测与评价工程研究中心项目(2010);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202202AG050014);云南省科技厅地方本科高校基础研究联合专项面上项目(2019FH001(-062));云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0644)联合资助。

摘　　要：黔西北矿集区作为川滇黔富锗铅锌多金属成矿区的重要组成部分,成矿条件优越,找矿潜力巨大。已有研究表明,该区铅锌矿床成矿时代为印支晚期,但对成矿流体运移方向的研究相对薄弱,这也直接影响到区内资源勘查部署。在综合剖析该矿集区典型矿床的矿体特征、成矿温度、同位素组成和成矿年龄等资料的基础上,本文划分成矿流体类型,系统总结铅锌成矿作用过程中与成矿流体运移相关的“行迹”标志,研判成矿流体在区域尺度的运移方向,进一步讨论流体运移的制约因素。研究表明,在黔西北富锗银铅锌矿集区,构造为成矿流体运移提供了主要的驱动力和通道,成矿构造的优势方位决定成矿流体的主体运移方向。成矿温度、同位素组成和成矿构造等方面的区域性变化特征均指示成矿流体在平面上主体从南东至北西方向运移;除印支期陆块碰撞作用导致古特提斯洋闭合的因素外,雪峰山陆内变形构造作用也可能为成矿流体运移提供了动力,进而控制了流体的运移方向。该研究不仅对黔西北矿集区的“战略性”铅锌找矿部署具有现实意义,而且为热液矿床成矿流体运移方向研究提供了路径。The northwestern Guizhou ore-concentrated area,which is an important part of the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn-(Ge)polymetallic metallogenic area,has great prospecting potential.Studies have shown that the main metallogenic epoch of the lead-zinc deposits in this area is the late Indosinian period,but the migration direction of ore-forming fluids in this period is not well documented,which hampers the exploration and deployment of Pb-Zn resources in the region.On the basis of comprehensive compilation of the characteristics of the ore bodies,mineralization temperatures,isotopic compositions,and mineralization ages of the typical deposits in this area,the types of ore-forming fluids were classified,and the migration paths of the ore-forming fluids were discussed.The migration direction of the ore-forming fluids is assessed at regional scale,and the restricting factors of fluid migration are further discussed.Studies have shown that in the(Ge-Ag)-rich Zn-Pb ore concentration area in the northwestern Guizhou,the structure provides the main driving force and channel for the ore-forming fluids,and the dominant orientation of ore-forming structure determines the main migration direction of the ore-forming fluids.The regional variation of the ore-forming temperatures,isotope compositions and ore-forming structures indicate that the ore-forming fluids migrated from SE to NW in the plane.In addition to the closure of the paleo-Tethys Ocean caused by the Indosinian continental collision,the Xuefengshan intracontinental deformation in this period may also provide a power source for the migration of the ore-forming fluids,thus controlling the direction of fluid migration.This study not only has practical significance for the deployment of ore prospecting in the northwestern Guizhou,but also provides a method for studying the direction of ore-forming fluid migration in hydrothermal deposits.

关 键 词：成矿流体 运移方向 区域勘查部署 制约因素 黔西北矿集区 

分 类 号：P611[天文地球—矿床学]