脐橙缺钼症的诊断及光合生理响应  

Diagnosis and Photosynthesis Response of Molybdenum Deficiency in Navel Orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck)

作　　者：陆芃希 张峻 肖本木 衣萌 王平[3] 李延 吴良泉 LU Pengxi;ZHANG Jun;XIAO Benmu;YI Meng;WANG Ping;LI Yan;WU Liangquan(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yangxin County,Huangshi,Hubei 435000,China;College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院/福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]湖北省阳新县农业农村局,湖北黄石435000 [3]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第10期2034-2042,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项(No.CARS-26)。

摘　　要：开展脐橙钼缺乏症的诊断及其光合生理响应研究,为柑橘缺钼诊断和合理施用钼肥提供依据。通过田间调查结合形态诊断、叶片分析诊断以及钼酸铵喷施试验,明确脐橙叶片的黄斑型黄化是缺钼引起,采集不同程度缺钼的脐橙叶片,研究缺钼胁迫对脐橙光合生理的影响。结果表明:轻度黄化、重度黄化和正常叶片的氮、钾、镁、硼含量均处于柑橘营养适宜范围,锌、钙含量三者间无显著差异,但轻度黄化和重度黄化叶片的钼含量低于柑橘钼缺乏的临界值(0.10 mg/kg),且均显著低于正常叶片。喷施0.05%钼酸铵可矫治脐橙叶片的黄化症状,进一步证实了缺钼是造成脐橙叶片黄化的原因。新叶出现近圆形、鲜黄色水渍状斑点或斑块,叶扭曲、叶缘向上向内卷曲是诊断脐橙缺钼的主要特征。缺钼显著降低脐橙叶片的光合色素含量、RUBP羧化酶活性、PSⅡ反应中心的潜在活性(F_(v)/F_(o))、最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、电子传递能力(ETo/RC)以及量子产额(ETo/CSm),明显提高热耗散系数(DIo/RC),引起光合速率(P_(n))的降低,叶片可溶性糖和蔗糖含量减少,光合作用受到抑制。In order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the effective molybdenum deficiency control measures and rational application of molybdenum fertilizer,field investigation,morphological diagnosis,leaf nutrients content determination and spraying test of ammonium molybdate were carried out in navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osbeck).Further,navel orange leaves with different degrees of chlorisis were collected to measure photosynthetic pigment con-centration,photosynthesis rate,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic product concentration.For normal,slight chlorisis and severe chlorisis leaves,the concentration of nitrogen,potassium,magnesium and born were all in optimum range,zinc and calcium content were no significant difference.The molybdenum content of slight chlor-isis and severe chlorisis leaves were lower than that of the threshold value of molybdenum deficiency(0.10 mg/kg),and decreased significantly than the normal leaves.Spraying 0.05%ammonium molybdate significantly reduced the symp-toms of chlorisis,indicating that the yellowing leaves of navel oranges in the test orchard was caused by molybdenum deficiency.Molybdenum deficiency symptoms of navel orange were with nearly round and bright yellow waterlogged spots or patches on the new leaves,and the leaves were distorted with the edge leaf rolled up or inward.Photosynthetic pigment concentration,activity of RUBP carboxylase,potential activity(F_(v)/F_(o)),maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),electron transfer efficiency(ETo/RC)and quantum yield(ETo/CSm)of PSⅡreaction center decreased sig-nificantly with molybdenum deficiency,while the heat dissipation coefficient(DIo/RC)increased significantly.Molyb-denum deficiency significantly decreased the photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),soluble sugar and sucrose contents,indicating molybdenum deficiency will decrease the photosynthesis of navel orange.

关 键 词：脐橙 缺钼症状 诊断 光合生理 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]